330 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Marsdenia—continued. 
l. cordate-ovate, acute. Stem erect. h. 3ft. to 6ft. South-east 
Europe and Asia Minor, 1597. Half-hardy sub-erect shrub. 
M. flavescens (yellowish). f. yellowish; cymes many-flowered ; 
corolla sub-rotate. June and July. l. oblong-lanceolate, acu- 
minated, somewhat undulated, glabrous above, clothed with 
hoary tomentum beneath. New South Wales, 1825. Stove twining 
shrub. (B. M. 3289.) 
M. loniceroides (Lonicera-like). f. red; corolla fleshy, urceo- 
late; umbels pedunculate, terminal. Autumn. 4 opposite, de- 
cussate, 2in. to 3in. long, elliptic-cordate, obtuse. h. 6ft. Brazil, 
1825. Erect stove shrub. (B. M. 2699, under name of Harrisonia 
lonicerotdes.) a 
M. maculata (spotted). f. variegated, pale green and purplish- 
brown ; cymes umbelliform, sub-sessile ; sepals roundish, ciliate ; 
corolla rotate-infundibular. June to August. J. broad-elliptic, 
spotted, cordate. A, 20ft. Trinidad, 1834. Plant glabrous. 
Stove climber. (B. M. 4299.) 
M. suaveolens (sweet-scented). fl. white, fragrant ; corolla with 
a ventricose tube and a bearded throat; panicles axillary, six to 
eight-flowered. July. J. oval-lanceolate, glabrous, veinless. 
Stem erect or twining. A. 2ft. to 3ft. New South Wales, 1816. 
Greenhouse shrub. (B. R. 489.) 
M. tenacissima (very tough). Jl. greenish-yellow; corolla salver- 
shaped, segments broad, obtuse ; cymes large. June. l. cordate, 
acuminated, tomentose on both surfaces. Stem twining. India, 
1806. Greenhouse shrub. 
MARSHALLIA (named after Humphrey Marshall, 
an American botanical author, who published, in 1785, 
a list of the trees of tLe United States). Syns. Per- 
soonia (of Michaux), Therolepta, Trattenikia. ORD. Com- 
posite. A genus comprising four species of hardy 
perennial herbs, natives of North America. Flower- 
heads purplish or rose, resembling those of a Scabious, 
solitary; involucral scales linear-lanceolate, leafy, in one 
or two rows; receptacle convex or conical, chaffy ; 
florets all tubular. The undermentioned species (the 
only one cultivated) is interesting rather than hand- 
some, and is very suitable for borders in any light 
soil. Propagated by seeds, sown in a warm border, 
during late spring. 4 
M. ceespitosa (tufted).* fl. heads bluish-white, about 14in. across. 
June. l. alternate, entire, glabrous, tufted. Stems several from 
the same tuft. A. Ift. Texas, 1837. (B. M. 3704.) 
MARSH CINQUEFOIL. See Comarum. 
MARSH MALLOW. See Althea. 
MARSH MARIGOLD. See Caltha. 
MARSH TREFOIL. ‘See N 2 
— e Menyanthes tri 
MARSILEA (named after Count A. F. Marsigli, of 
Bologna, 1658-1730, a patron of botany). ORD. Marsilee. 
This genus comprises about four species of aquatic 
plants, widely distributed. The two species described 
below are abundant in Australia. Two others are found 
in Europe, &c. Rhizome creeping, rooting at the nodes. 
Stipes often, but not always, confined at the base with 
those of the barren fronds, as in Ophioglossew. Barren 
fronds with a long petiole or stipes, the lamina divided | 
into four digitate leaflets, with numerous forked veins 
radiating from their base. Sori linear, on transverse 
veins proceeding from the upper side or midrib of the 
involucre into two series of transverse cells; each sorus 
consists of a few macrosporangia, each one surrounded 
_ by several microsporangia; involucres sessile or stipitate. 
The species thrive in turfy loam or peat, and the pots 
n which the plants are growing should be partially 
_ plunged in water. 
MN. Drummondii ummond’s). Stipes of the barren fronds 
usually long and "a ag leaflets broadly obovate-cuneate, or 
fan-shaped, more or less crenate or shortly lobed, or rarely 
quite entire. involucres larger than in M. hirsuta, the stipes or 
peduncles clustered, free from the base. Ends of the 8 
under side of the lea and involucres, more or less silky- 
hairy. SYN. M. macropus (H. G. F. 63). 
— aig) Young ends of the rhizome densely rusty- 
ey hirsute underneath, the stipes usually Ing and sender, 
q u e stipes usually long ender. 
inrol small, e oar sessile at the base of the 
er than the involucre. 
synonym of M. Drummondii. 
MARSILEZX. A small order of aquatic plants, 
of variable habit. There are no true leaves. Fronds, 
as in Filices, proceeding from the rhizome, and rolled 
inwards (circinate) at the top when young; barren ones 
either reduced to a linear stipes or bearing a leaflike 
lamina divided into four digitate leaflets; fertile ones 
on a shorter stipes or nearly sessile, the lamina recurved 
with the margins united, forming an ovoid or globular 
utricle, usually called an involucre. Spore cases of two 
kinds, as in some Lycopodiacee, but arranged, as in Filices, 
in sori inside the involucre (i.e., on the under surface of 
the recurved frond); each sorus inclosed in a membranous 
indusium, apparently dividing the involucre into as many 
cells. The order is limited to the two Australian genera, 
Marsilea and Pilularia, both of which have a wide range 
in the New, as well as in the Old, World. According to 
Bentham, they might well be regarded as forming a tribe 
of Filices, to which they are much more closely allied 
than to Lycopodiacew, with some genera of which they 
have been frequently associated. The sporangia of Mar- 
silea, after the pools in which the plants grow are dried 
up, are found in great abundance on the surface of the 
soil, and form a miserable article of food, which has, 
however, saved the lives of some of the exploring 
parties who have traversed Australia. 
MARTAGON LILY. See Lilium Martagon. 
MARTINEZIA (named in honour of Balthassar 
Martinez, a Spanish naturalist). Syn. Aiphanes. ORD. 
Palmee. A small genus (about seven species have been 
described) of very ornamental stove palms, rarely ex- 
ceeding 20ft. in height, natives of tropical America. 
Flower-spikes simply branched, inclosed in a double 
spathe, the outer of which is incomplete. Fruit yellow, 
scarlet, or pink. Leaves pinnate; segments wedge-shaped 
or three-sided, the broad upper end very much jagged. 
Trunks cylindrical. The few species in cultivation thrive 
in a compost of sandy loam and peat, in about equal 
parts. A strong heat, and an abundance of water, are 
most essential to success. Propagated by seeds. 
M. caryotsefolia (Caryota-leaved).* l. full dark green on both 
surfaces, pinnate, 3ft. to 6ft. long; pinnæ cuneate, premorse, ein, 
to 12in. long, 4in. to 6in. broad at the apex. Several pairs of 
pinne are produced in close proximity, at intervals of about 6in. 
to 10in. a Stem slender, and, as well as the petioles and 
back of the leaves, densel aes with long black spines. New 
Grenada, 1845. (G. C. 1 
* 
Fig. 516. MARTINEZIA EROSA. 
NM. erosa (bitten). Z. pinnate, consisting of a few pairs of nar- 
rowish leaflets at the: base, and a par of broader ones at the 
aper, all obliquely erose ; both stalks and blades, the latter both 
ve and benéath, thickly furnished with long, brown, needle- 
like spines, which, in the case of the blades, are developed from 
the rather nt veins; leafstalks mealy. South America, 
1871. See Fig. 516. (G. C. 1872, Fig. 286.) 
