336 THE DICTIONARY 
OF GARDENING, 
Massonia—continued. 
rotundate, fleshy-herbaceous, smooth, sub-acute, Sin. to 6in. long, 
Zin. to Ain. broad. A. 3in. 1790. SYN. M. scabra. (B. M. 642.) 
ea (bloody). fl., r white, nearly lin. long; 
segments linear-lanceolate ; filaments suffused with red; corymbs 
fifteen to twenty-flowered. March. l. fleshy-herbaceous, almost 
rotundate-cordate, acute, 4in. to bin. long, Sin. to din. broad. 
h. 6in. 1775. SYN. M. latifolia (under which name it is figured 
in B. M. 848). 
M. scabra (scabrous). A synonym of M. pustulata. 
M. violacea (violet). A synonym of M. ensifolia. 
MAST. The fruit of Fagus sylvatica. 
MASTACANTHUS SINENSIS. A synonym of 
Caryopteris Mastacanthus (which see). 
MASTWORTS. Lindley's name for Corylacee, 
MATAXA. A synonym of Lasiospermum (which see). 
MATHIOLA (named after Peter Andrew Mathioli, 
1500-1577, an Italian physician and celebrated botanist). 
Stock. Orn, Crucifero. A genus of about thirty species 
of hardy, half-hardy, or greenhouse, annual, biennial, or 
perennial, stellato-tomentose herbs or sub-shrubs, natives 
of Western and Southern Europe, Western Asia, and 
(one) South Africa. Flowers often purple, large, race- 
mose, generally sweet-scented ; petals with long claws; 
stigmas connivent, thickened or horned at the back. 
Seeds thin, flat, numerous; pods large, nearly cylindrical, 
or compressed. Leaves oblong or linear, entire or sinuate. 
Mathiolas are well-known plants, largely cultivated in 
n = 
Fig. 523. MATHIOLA INCANA FLORE-PLENO, 
almost every garden, under the popular name of Stocks. 
There are several sections, and numerous varieties; the 
flowers represent a great diversity of colour, and 
invariably highly perfumed, and of great beauty. 
may readily be raised from seed, sown in succession on 
a slight hotbed, from February till April, and the seed- 
lings transplanted, when large enough, to the 
ground where they are intended to flower. The 
and Intermediate sections should be sown in A 
and September, and the plants preserved in pots, in a 
cold frame, throughout the winter, in preparation for 
flowering early, outside, the following season. Varieties 
_ of Mathiola are very extensively cultivated in pots, for 
a se and other decorations. For general culture 
ok all the sections, see Stocks. 
annua (annuah “ x k. fl. of various 
= gates aa dari ¥0 able ve ore, 
3. un 
to Sa 
M. bicornis (two-horned).* . lish-red, like those of M. ù 
but smaller, subsessile petals oblong spathulate, ring. “Pods 
— Stem branch Half hard abe 
. th i scarlet or pale pw a little 
ana. July and August. pubes- 
nt the base. Z. crowded, obovate, 
Mathiola—continued. 
downy, revolute. Stem erect, simple. hA. 
Hardy sub-shrub. 
M. incana (hoary).* Wallfiower-leaved Stock. fl. usually purple. 
Summer and autumn. Pods somewhat compressed, without 
glands. J. lanceolate, hoary. Stem shrubby at the base, erect, 
simple or branched. k. 1ft. to 2ft. South Europe. Half-hardy 
sub-shrubby biennial. From this species, the Brompton and 
Queen Stocks have originated, and these are said to be dis- 
tinguished by the under portion of the leaf of the latter being 
rough and woolly, whilst the leaf of the former is smooth on both 
surfaces. flore-pleno is a double-flowered form. See Fig. 523. 
M. odoratissima (very sweet-scented). fl. dirty cream-colour, 
or when old purplish-brown, sweet-scented in the evening. June 
and July. Pod compressed, somewhat hoary. J. downy or 
lft. Crete, 1759. 
ubescent, toothed or pinnatifid. Stem erect, branched. . lft. to 
t. Persia, 1795. Greenhouse evergreen sub-shrub. (B. M. 1711. 
Ny 
Fie. 524. FLOWERING BRANCH OF MATHIOLA TRICUSPIDATA. 
M. tricuspidata (three-pointed). fl. bright lilac (lighter-coloured 
towards the base of each petal), in terminal, flexuose, many- 
flowered racemes. Summer. Z., root ones oblong, obtuse, re- 
pandly dentate or slightly sinuate; cauline ones more divided, 
sinuately A ar h. lft. Mediterranean region. Hardy 
annual, Fig. 524. (S. B. F. G. 46.) 
MATONIA (named after Dr. Maton, Vice-president 
of the Linnean Society). ORD. Filices. A monotypic 
genus. ‘The species is a rare and handsome stove fern. 
For culture, see Ferns, 
FIG. §25, MATRICARIA INODORA FLORE-PLENO, showing Habit 
and detached Flowering Branchlet. A 
