AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 339 
Maxillaria—continued. 
M. nigrescens (dark). fl., sepals and petals port-wine 
colour, spreading; lip of the same colour, stained with dull 
daian peduncles erect. Winter and spring. Pseudo-bulbs 
ight green, bearing a solitary, dark green, coriaceous leaf. 
New Grenada, 
M. Parkeri (Parker’s). „. buff, white; sepals oblong, obtuse ; 
— linear-lanceolate ; lip trilobed, hooded. April. J. lanceo- 
te, coriaceous, obscurely striate. Pseudo-bulbs oval, compressed, 
one-leaved. h. gin. Demerara, 1825. (B. M. 2729.) 
M. picta (painted). „. of a soft cream- colour, more or less 
streaked and dotted with dull purple and chocolate, both within 
and without, yielding a most powerful aromatic perfume ; petals 
remarkably incurved; scapes from 5in. to 6in. high. Winter. 
J. thick, strap-shaped, nearly lft. long. Brazil. Not a 
very showy species, but a profuse blossomer, and admirably 
2154.) for growing in a Wardian case. See Fig. 528. (B. M. 
porphyrostele (purple-columned). AH. Whitish- yellow; petals 
with a purplish streak at the base; lip with purplish veins on the 
side lobes, Spring. J. linear-ligulate, from small ovoid pseudo- 
bulbs. k. Ein. Brazil, 1873. This species somewhat resembles 
M. picta. (B. M. 6477.) 
M. rufescens (reddish). fl. orange and Phage 8 with dark 
purple-red, sweet-scented. Trinidad, 1836. (B. R. 1848.) 
M. splendens (splendid).* fl., sepals and petals white ; lip orange 
margined with rose. Columbia, 1870. A very handseme species, 
similar in growth to M. venusta, but more robust. 
M. tenuifolia (slender-leaved). H. yellow, with bright crimson 
barrings, proceeding from the of the matured growths. 
March. l. long-linear, acuminate. Pseudo-bulbs ovate, like so 
many bulbils strung together on short perpendicular footstalks. 
(B. R. xxv. 8.) 
M. tetragona (tetragonal). A synonym of Lycaste tetragona. 
M. Turneri (Turner's). A. of a rich cinnamon-brown and crim- 
son, with a delicious fragrance. May. . long, broad, lft. high. 
Psendo-bulbs short. A distinct and desirable plant. 
M. variabilis (variable).* fl. purplish; sepals and petals 
erect, oblong-acute; lip oblong, erect, obscurely three-lobed ; 
duncles longer than the gens J. solitary, linear- 
igulate. Mexico. (B. M. 3614, under name of M. Hench- 
manni.) 
M. venusta (handsome).* fl. of a very beautiful waxy-white, thick 
and fleshy 1 lip faintly stained with yellow and blotched 
with crimson; scapes long. November to February. l. light 
shining N Hiet oume Pseudo-bulbs 1 New 
Grenada, 1 u species, very grow 
and T in flower a long time. See Fig. 829. (B. M. 
A (named after Maximilian I., King of 
Bavaria). On D. Palme. A small genus (three species) 
of elegant stove palms, inhabiting the Amazons and 
Maranon, and the island of St. Kitts and Trinidad. 
Flower-spikes each inclosed in a thick woody spathe, 
which tapers to a long point, deeply furrowed, splitting 
open at last down one side. Leaves very large, pinnate, 
borne at the summit of the trunks; leafiets narrow, 
arranged in clusters along the stalks. Trunks slender, 
smooth. This genus is closely allied to Cocos (which 
see for culture). 
; ents pale green, redupli- 
cate, Nee, ak ane Dahle baso, pal. y veiny with 
. This ies is similar in habit to M. Martiana, 
eg the Tent aa ents are broader, and a little tapering towards 
the eroded point. St. Kitts. 
Martiana (Marti L pinnate; leafiets linear, acuminate, 
pendent, dark en ee alt. long. Caudex erect, cylindrical, 
unarmed. South America, 1825. A handsome decorative plant 
when in a young state. SYN. M. regia. 
M. regia (royal). A synonym of M. Martiana, 
MAXIMOWICZIA. Included under Schizandra 
(which see). 
MAY. A name applied to the blossoms of Crataegus 
Oxyacantha. 
MAYACEZ. A natural order, comprising a soli- 
tary genus, Mayaca, of moss-like, slender, creeping, 
pellucid plants, all natives of America, allied to Xyri- 
dacew and Commelinacee, but readily distinguished by 
their one-celled anthers. Flowers white, pink, or violet, 
axillary, solitary, peduncled. Leaves all alternate, 
ctowded, linear, emarginate, flaccid. There are about 
seven species. 
MAY APPLE. See Podophyllum peltatum. 
MAY BUGS. A name sometimes given to certain 
beetles which are gestructive, in the larval form, to the 
roots of numerous plants, including many that are culti- 
vated in fields and in gardens, The perfect insects also 
are very destructive, often stripping the leaves almost 
entirely from trees, especially from Oaks, low fruit-trees, 
and Rose bushes. 
The most successful methods for limiting the number 
of these insects are, hand-picking, or shaking them 
off the shrubs or bushes into vessels in the very 
early morning, or collecting the grubs, when these are 
exposed by digging or ploughing the soil. In either 
case, the insects found should be at once destroyed. 
Birds also render good assistance in this direction by 
the number that they eat, either as beetles or as larve. 
Among the birds most useful in this way, starlings and 
rooks deserve special mention. Other remedies will be 
found under Cockchafer and Insecticides (which see). 
There are several kinds of beetles indigenous to England 
included under the name of May Bugs; of these, the more 
— 
Fic. 530. MELOLONTHA VULGARIS (Cockchafer), Female and Male. 
important are the Cockchafer (Melolontha vulgaris, see 
Fig. 530) and the Lesser May Bug (Phyllopertha horticola). 
The Cockchafer has been already noticed in this 
work. It is very abundant in the South of England, 
but becomes local and scarce in Scotland. It may be 
added here, that, in the Cockchafer, the wing-cases and 
legs are yellowish-brown, with a dash of red, but are 
covered with short, fine, grey hairs, which are very readily 
rubbed off. The rest of the upper surface is mostly 
pitch-black, with paler pubescence. The antenne, or 
feelers, are rusty-red. The lower surface of the body 
is black, with paler pubescence, and five conspicuous 
white triangular spots on the sides of the segments of 
the abdomen. 
The Lesser May Bug is nearly as abundant as its 
larger ally in the South of Britain, and in the North is 
far more common than that insect. It is much smaller, 
being only Bin. to zin. long, and the club of the antenne 
is composed of only three, instead of six or seven, 
flattened joints. In colour of wing-cases, and in form, 
it is much like the Cockchafer, but the tip of the body 
is not prolonged as in that species. Occasionally, the 
wing-cases are brown or green-black. The rest of the 
body is shining green or blue-black, with long, erect, 
paler hairs on certain parts. The beetles at times do 
considerable damage to Roses and to fruit-trees, by 
feeding on the stamens and petals of the flowers. 
They may, however, in dull weather, be successfully 
shaken off the bushes into an inverted umbrella, and 
should be collected and destroyed when so numerous 
as to become troublesome.. The larvq resemble those 
of the Cockchafer, except in size. They feed on the 
roots of y garden plants, and also on those of the 
Fir; and fey are often present in flower-pots, the plants 
in which they frequently destroy, causing them to fade 
early. At times, they are very troublesome. The methods 
recommended for the destruction of the larve of the 
Cockchafer will be found useful against this species also. 
If a pot plant becomes sickly without visible cause, it 
should be turned out, with the earth attached to the 
s and there will then often be found one or more of 
the larve of the Lesser May Bug feeding on it. 
