ES 
378 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
MONESES (from monos, single, and esis, delight ; 
alluding to the pretty and solitary flower). ORD. Ericacee. 
A monotypic genus, the species being a small, stemless, 
very glabrous, stolon-bearing, hardy, perennial herb. It 
is sometimes erroneously classed under Pyrola (which 
see for culture). $ 
M. uniflora (one-flowered). fl. white or pink, zin. in diameter, 
terminal on the one or two-bracted scape; calyx five- (rarely 
four-) parted, persistent ; petals five, rarely four, orbicular, sessile. 
June. 1, zin. to lin. long, radical, petiolate, persistent, serrulate, 
coriaceous. Central and Northern Europe (Britain), North 
America, and Japan. Syn. Pyrola uniflora (under which name 
it is figured in Sy. En. B. 900). 
MONEYWORT. See Lysimachia Nummularia. 
MONEYWORT, CORNISH. ‘See Sibthorpia 
MONILIFORM. Formed like a necklace; that is to 
say, with alternate swellings and contractions, resembling 
a string of beads. 
MONIMIA (after Monime, the wife of Mithridates). 
ORD. Monimiacee. A genus consisting of three species 
of shrubs, natives of the Mascarene Islands. Flowers 
small, dicecious, shortly. cymose, in the axils. Leaves 
opposite, entire, coriaceous, often softly pubescent. The 
species are not grown in this country. 
MONIMIACEZ. An order of rarely climbing, often 
fragrant, trees or shrubs, natives of the warmer parts 
of Asia and America, the Mascarene Islands, Australia, 
and the Southern Islands of the Pacific. The order is 
divided into two tribes—i. Monimiew, ii. Atherospermec. 
Flowers cymose or racemose, rarely, solitary, small or 
medium ; inflorescence axillary, or rarely terminal, shorter 
than the leaves. Leaves opposite, or rarely alternate, 
entire, or irregularly serrate, coriaceous, or rarely mem- 
branaceous, penniveined; stipules none. Monimiacec 
possess a tonic and stimulating volatile oil in all their 
parts; and the succulent fruit of some is edible. There 
are about twenty-two genera and 150 species. Examples 
are: Laurelia, Monimia, and Peumus. 
MONIZIA. Included under Thapsia (which see). 
MONKEY FLOWER. See Mimulus luteus. 
MONKEY PUZZLE. A common name for Arau- 
caria imbricata (which see). 
MONK’S-HOOD. See Aconitum. 
MONNINA (named after Monnino, Count de Flora 
Blanca, a Spanish promoter of botany). Syn. Hebeandra. 
ORD. Polygalew. A genus comprising about fifty species 
of greenhouse evergreen herbs, shrubs, or small trees, 
natives of Western America. Flowers usually with a 
white or yellowish corolla and blue calycine wings; 
disposed in spike-formed, terminal or lateral racemes. 
Leaves alternate or scattered. Few of the species have 
any horticultural value. For culture, see Polygala. 
M. obtusifolia (obtuse-leaved). fl. drooping; corolla of five 
reddish-purple petals, united into one hollow keel, disposed in 
solitary terminal racemes. June. l. obovate, obtuse, entire, lin, 
long, attenuated into a short petiole. 
slender, upright shrub. (B. M. 3122.) 
M. xalapensis (Xalapa). E bright blue, in copious racemes ; tip 
of the three-lobed keel yellow. J. alternate, oblanceolate, acute 
or acuminate, bright green, 2in. to din. long. Mexico, 1879. A 
rather effective shrub. (B. M. 6415.) 
MONOCERA. Included under Elæocarpus (which 
OCHÆTUM (from monos, one, and chaite, a 
bristle; in allusion to the shape of the connective of 
the stamen). ORD. Melastomacee. A genus comprising 
about twenty-three species of erect, branched, often 
tomentose or pubescent, greenhouse shrubs and sub-shrubs, 
natives of the mountains of Peru, New Grenada, 
Venezuela, Mexico, and Guatemala. Flowers violet or 
purple, paniculate, sometimes in fours; calyx tube cam- 
panulate, lobes four; petals four, obovate. Leaves ovate 
W 
h. 12ft. Peru, 1830. 4 
N. 
Monochætum continued. 
or lanceolate, five to seven-nerved. The species are of 
easy culture, thriving best in a compost of two parts 
good fibrous peat, one of light loam, and one of leaf 
mould. Propagated by cuttings, placed in sandy peat, 
under a glass, in heat. 
M. alpestre (rock).* fl. bright red, solitary, terminal, 1}in. to 2in. 
across, J. very shortly stalked, rather obtuse, broad or ovate- 
lanceolate, three to five-nerved ; margin obscurely sinuate-crenate, 
and ciliated. Mexico. A small, compact, much-branched shrub, 
the young growths more or less ting+u with red. 
dicranantherum (dicranantherous). A synonym of M, 
Hartwegianum. 
Hartwegianum (Hartweg’s).* f. bright rose-colour, the upper 
half of the plant, or more, consisting of a series of small flowering 
panicles, collectively forming an oblong large panicle, mixed with 
a few leaves. Winter. I. shortly-stalked, elliptic-lanceolate, 
rigid, bright green above, pale beneath. Andes. A beautiful 
dwarf shrub. (B. M. 5506, under name of M. dicranantherum.) 
M. Humboldtianum (Humboldt's).“ fl. rich reddish-purple, 
produced in great abundance ; square stems and calyces beauti- 
fully tinged with vivid red. J. bright green, oblong-acuminate, 
five to seven-nerved. October to December. Caraccas, 1 
(B. M. 5367.) 
M. Lemonianum (Lemon’s). f. deep rich violet rose. Winter 
and early spring. - 
M. sericeum multiflorum (many-fiowered silky).* fl. rich 
mauve, produced in great profusion during the early spring 
months. A garden variety. 
M. tenellum (delicate). fl. rich purple, disposed at the ends of 
the branches and branchlets in few-flowered cymes, rarely 
solitary. October. l. oblong-ovate, acute, five-nerved ; margin 
ciliate-setose. Guatemala. 
MONOCHILUS (from monos, one, and cheilos, a 
lip; alluding to the form of the flower). ORD. Verbenacee. 
A monotypic genus, remarkable for the form of its 
corolla. The species is a pretty, low, stove herb. It 
thrives in a compost of loam, peat, and sand. Propa- 
gated by cuttings inserted under a bell glass, in bottom 
heat. 
M. gloxinifolius (Gloxinia-leaved). £ white, disposed in 
terminal elongated racemes, solitary in the axils of the bracts, 
shortly pedicellate ; calyx campanulate, shortly five-fid ; corolla 
tube cylindrical, oblique above, scarcely enlarged, cloven at 
back; limb very oblique. Z. alternate or almost opposite, rather 
large, membranous, repand-toothed. Brazil, 1838. 
MONOCHLAMYDEOUS. Having but one floral 
envelope. 
MONOCHORIA (from monos, one, and chorizo, to 
separate; the anterior stamen is different from the 
remaining five), ORD. Pontederiacee. A genus com- 
prising about half-a-dozen species of stove aquatic 
herbs, inhabiting the East Indies, China, Japan, the 
Malayan Archipelago, and tropical Australia and Africa. 
Perianth campanulate, with distinct segments; tube none; 
racemes sometimes sheathed with the cauline leaves, 
very short, with the flowers numerous, rather long-stalked, 
fascicle-formed, sometimes longer, rather lax or almost 
spike-formed ; pedicels very short; spathe complicated, at 
the base of the raceme or in the sheath at the base of 
the peduncle. Radical leaves long, cauline ones shorter, 
petiolate; blade sagittate, cordate-ovate, or lanceolate. 
The species here described are probably the only ones 
yet introduced. For culture, see Pontederia. 
M. hastata (pear-shaped). A. blue, in crowded umbels ; perianth 
six-cleft; spathe oblong, opening sideways. July. J. arrow- 
shaped, obtuse or pointed. J. Aft. East Indies, 1806, (A. B. R. 
490, under name of Pontederia dilatata.) 
(sheathed). fl. blue, mostly rufous outside; spike 
distant-flowered, sometimes sub-campanulate; pedicels longer 
than flowers. Summer. J. long-stalked, mostly cordate or 
cordate-ovate, more or less distinctly acuminate. 2ft. 
Eastern Asia, &c. 
M. v. Korsakowii (Korsakow’s violet, large, scarcely rufous 
outside; inflorescence es BS seen sar dg few-flowered. 
Summer. /. variable, usually very broadly rotundate-cordate. 
h. lft. or more. A showy plant. (R. G. 1862, 374.) 
1 : 
NS, or ENDOGENS. One of 
the two great classes into which all flowering plants are 
divided. They may be characterised as follows: Stem 
with the wood forming longitudinal bundles, irregularly 
