AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 379 
Monocotyledons, or Endogens continued. 
disposed, not in concentric layers, and having no defined 
central pith. Leaves with usually parallel veins; ex- 
ceptions to this character are not uncommon amongst 
Aroidec, Dioscorew, and Liliacee. Flowers with the organs 
mostly in threes or fours, never in fives; in grasses, the 
parts are arranged in twos and threes. Embryo with a 
single cotyledon; first-formed leaves alternate; radicle 
not branching, but throwing out adventitious roots. 
MONODORA (from monos, one, and dora, a skin; 
in allusion to the fruit being one-celled). ORD. Anonacee. 
A small genus (three species) of stove trees, confined to 
tropical Africa. Flowers variegated, large, pendulous, 
solitary or long-pedunculate, terminal or opposite the 
leaves. Fruit large, globose, woody, containing a number 
of seeds, closely packed in pulp, M. Myristica, the only 
species yet introduced, thrives in a light sandy loam, 
Propagated by ripened cuttings, inserted in sand, under a 
glass, in moist heat. 
; . T 
“sls yellow, variegated with purple spots? int whist and 
downy on the outside, shining and pale E. e with crimson spots, 
inside. Jr. somewhat similar to nutmegs. A. 20ft. 1843, The 
seeds abound in an aromatic oil, of nutmeg flavour; and the 
entire fruit is very like a small calabash. (8. M. 3059.) 
MONCCIOUS. Having one sex in one flower, and 
the other in another, on the same plant. 
MONOGRAMME (from monos, one, and gramma, 
writing ; referring to the sori arranged in a single row 
on the narrow fronds). Including Plewrogramme. ORD. 
Filices. A genus comprising about ten species of small, 
grass or rush-like, stove plants, the simplest in structure 
of all the Ferns. Sori linear, close to the midrib on one 
or both sides. The species are of no horticultural value. 
MONOGYNOUS. Having but one style, although 
many carpels may be present. 
MONOLENA (from monos, one, and olene, the arm; 
alluding to the arm or process from the base of the 
anther), ORD. Melastomacew. A genus comprising four 
or five species of fleshy, stemless, glabrous, stove herbs, 
with thick rhizomes, inhabiting the woods of Peru and 
New Grenada. Flowers flesh-coloured, large, in scor- 
pioid cymes, shortly pedicellate; calyx tube turbinate, 
trigonal; lobes five, ovate, obtuse; petals five, elongated 
obovate-spathulate, obtuse; scapes slender. Leaves long- 
stalked, oblong, cordate or orbiculate, entire or denticulate. 
The undermentioned is a very handsome species, and 
the only one yet introduced. It thrives in a compost ` 
of sandy loam and peat or leaf mould, and requires 
a moist atmosphere. Propagated by division, or by cut- 
ting up the short thick rhizomes into pieces, and starting 
them in bottom hcat. 
NM. primuleefiora Primula -flowered). AH. deep bright pink, 
with a white eye Ae yellow anthers, lin. in diameter; petals 
peti sgine me le. h. Ein. Columbia, 1 
io p ee 
Primulæfiota. Yot Tae Oe M. 5818. 
MONOLOPHUS. Included under Kæmpferia 
(which see). 
MONOLOPIA (from monos, one, and lopos, covering ; 
referring to the structure of the involucre). ORD. Com- 
posite. A small genus (two species have been described) 
of pretty, hardy, woolly, annual herbs, natives of Cali- 
fornia. Flower heads yellow, radiating, solitary, ter- 
minal; involucral scales in a single row; receptacle 
convex, naked. Leaves alternate, sessile or amplexicaul, 
entire or dentate. The culture is very simple, any or- 
dinary garden soil being suitable. Propagated by seeds, 
sown in April, in a light soil. = 
Major x . . narrow, entire, 
os 8 At. ens, Tiza. A very showy 
plant, white or whitish with floccose wool, but sometimes 
glabrate and green. (B. M. 3839.) 
_ MONOMERIA (from monos, one, and meris, a part; 
in reference to the single anther). ORD. Orchidee. 
A small genus (two species) of stove epiphytal orchids, 
with abortive petals and a wide toothleted interval 
between the upper and lower sepals ; they are allied to 
Bulbophyllum. The two species, M. barbata, from India, 
and M. nitida, from Mexico, are probably not now in 
cultivation. 
MONO PANAXR (from monos, one, and Panas ; the 
plant resembling a Panda, and having a one - celled 
ovary), ORD. Araliacee. A genus founded by Regel 
on the plant here described. It is an ornamental, smooth- 
growing, dwarf stove shrub, with erect, simple stems, 
becoming leafless below. For culture, see Aralia, 
M. Ghies (Ghiesbreght’s), nish-white, in small, 
round, long- ed heads one pyramidal, racemtform 
Ker og onan ey ener Sekar ae 
5 „ ery, en 
stalked leaflets. Mexico, 1869. SYN. Aralia Ghiesbreghtii (of 
gardens). (R. G, 606.) ( 
MONOPETALOUS. A term applied to those flowers 
in which all petals are more or less united. More cor- 
rectly termed Gamopetalous. 
MONOPHYLLOUS. Having only ono leaf, or 
several leaves united by their edges into one. 
MONOPSIS. This genus is included, by Bentham 
and Hooker, as a section of Lobelia (which see). 
MONOSEPALOUS. Having only one sepal. More 
correctly Gamosepalous. 
MONOTHYLACEUM. A synonym of Hoodia 
(which see). 
MONOTOCA (from monos, one, and tokos, a birth; 
the edible fruit having only one seed). ORD. Epacridea. 
A genus comprising about half-a-dozen species of green- 
house evergreen shrubs or small trees, natives of Hast 
and South Australia. Flowers white, small, usually uni- 
sexual, disposed in racemose, axillary or terminal spikes, 
rarely solitary, sessile; corolla tube small, campanulate 
or scarcely cylindrical; lobes five or rarely four, valvate 
in bud. Leaves scattered, with recurved margins or nearly 
flat. The species described below are those best known 
to cultivation. For culture, see Bpacris. 
M. elliptica (elliptic). fl. white; spikes erect, nearly terminal 
and aggregate, Or axillary sinh oth „ May to A l el- 
liptic - oblong, four times longer than broad. A. 8ft. 1802. A 
small tree. a 
M. lineata (lined). A tall shrub or small resembling 
M. elliptica in foliage but the peduncles are „ axillary, 
and few-flower the flowers smaller, and the corolla more 
open. h. 6ft. . Shrub. 
M. scoparia (broom). fl. white; spikes erg. few-flowered, 
rl , May to A -linear, with 
ee e a a 
MONOTRO PER. An order of leafless herbs, para- 
sitio on the roots of trees, principally Pines and Beeches, 
natives of the temperate regions of the Northern hemi- 
sphere. Flowers dirty white or pinkish, scented or in- 
odorous, solitary, spicate, racemose. Leaves replaced by 
alternating scales. There are nine genera, and from ten 
to twelve species, Examples are: Hypopithys and Ptero- 
spora. Hypopithys multiflora (Monotropa Hypopithys), an 
interesting plant, is the only representative of the order 
in the British Flora. Like all the rest of the order, 
it is difficult to establish in gardens; the only way is to 
sow the seeds under Beech or Fir-trees. 
MONSONIA (named after Lady Ann Monson, a 
correspondent of Linnwus). On D. Geraniacee. A genus 
comprising about a dozen species of ornamental green- 
house herbs or sub-shrubs, of which four are natives of 
North-eastern Africa and tropical Western Asia, and the 
rest South African. Flowers regular; sepals and petals 
five, imbricated; peduncles axillary, one-flowered or 
umbellately many-flowered. Leaves alternate or opposite, 
stipulate, toothed or dissected. The species thrive in a 
sandy-loam soil, with a small quantity of peat and leaf 
