SIWOPS/S OF THE CHARES. 147 



Dr. Giinther sums up the results of his investigations with respect to the British Charrs 

 as follows. He shows that 



1. Three very distinct species of Charrs are found in Great Britain, namely: — S. willughbii in the Lake of 

 Windermere and in Loch Bruiach; 8. pciisii in Wales; and S. alpinus in certain parts of Scotland. 



2. That those three species differ by most constant characters from the S. umbla and S. salvelinus of the 

 Continent; but that S. alpinus of Scotland is closely related to the 8. alpinus of Lapland, differing merely 

 by its smaller size when first attaining to maturity, and by the number of vertebrae, there being sixty-two in 

 the Scandinavian variety and fifty-nine in the Scottish. 



^ That Iceland is inhabited by a distinct species (8. nivalis). 



4. That the Charrs of Ireland form a separate group by themselves, distinguished by the feeble development of 



their dentition ; and that the Charr of Lough IMelvin ('.5. grayij is a distinct species from that of Lough 



Eske and Lough Dan (S. cn/ii). 



The following synopsis of the species, showing a /eiu of the principal characters by which 

 the mature individuals of the different species are distinguished, will be found useful. 



/. j^aws well developed ; teeth of jnoderate size. 



A. The length of the pectoral fin in the mature fish less than one half of the distance between the roots of the 

 pectoral and ventral fins. 



1. Thirteen dorsal rays. Intermaxillary teeth much stronger than those of the maxillary. L. lat. 185. Lower 

 parts silvery. 8. umbla. ' 



2. Fourteen dorsal rays. Intermaxillary anil maxillary teeth eijual in strength. L. lat. 190. Lower parts red. 

 8. sah'ilinus. 



B. The length of the pectoral fin in the miture fish, more than, or equal to, one half of the distance between 

 the roots of the pectoral and ventral fins. 



1 . The height of the body one fifth or one sixth of the total length ; the height of the dorsal fin three fifths 

 or one half of the length of the head. L. lat. 195 — 200. <S. alpinus. 



2. The height of the body one fifth of the total length; the height of the dorsal fin equals the length of the 

 head, without snout. L. lat. igo. The gill-cover not overlapping the root of the pectoral. 8. nivalis. 



3. The height of the body one fifth or one sixth of the total length; the height of the dorsal fin two thirds of 

 the length of the head. L. lat. 170. The gill-cover overlapping the root of the pectoral. 8. pcrisii. 



4. The height of the body one fourth of the total length; the height of the dorsal fin equals the length of the 

 head, without snout. L. lat. 165. The gill-cover not overlapping the root of the pectoral. 8. ivillughbii. 



H. Lower jaiv very feeble ; teeth iniimte. 



1. The pectoral extending to or beyond the origin of the dorsal fin. 8. gravi. 



2. The pectoral terminating at a considerable distance from the origin of the dorsal fin. 8. colli. 



Of course it is possible that other and hitherto undescribed species of Charr, besides the 

 species already known, may be found to inhabit the lakes of this country, but it is to be 

 feared that the operation of the Salmon Acts will greatly diminish the chances of further 

 discoveries in this line. 



