REVIEWS 167 



III. Fresh-water Insects; IV. Myrmecophilous Insects. Then each Order is 

 treated in detail. 



The treatment of the Order Hynienoptera may be taken as typical. A resume 

 of the general characters of the Order is followed by a scheme of classification. 

 Under each of the main headings in the classification of the Order comes a 

 notice of the main features of each family— the Woodwasps, the Sawflies, the 

 Gallmakers, the Proctotrypidae, the Chalcids and other parasitic families, the 

 Solitary and Social Wasps, the Solitary and Social Bees, the Ants. Reference 

 is made in the various families to Indian species, and notes on habit and life- 

 history, and collecting are also given. 



Interspersed among the main chapters are incidental chapters on topics sug- 

 gested by phenomena that have chanced to be mentioned under a family. Thus 

 we have : " On Cosmopolitan Insects," suggested by the notice of the Blattids ; 

 "On Aquatic Insects," suggested by the Dragon-flies; "On the Relative Dura- 

 tion of Life in the Insect World," suggested by the discussion of the Mayflies ; 

 " On the Size of Insects," suggested by the Proctotrypidae. The Velvet Ants sug- 

 gest an interlude on " Sex and External Sexual Distinctions." Under Lepidoptera 

 come interludes on "Silk" and "How Insects protect themselves." Under 

 Diptera special notes are given on Blood-sucking Insects, and amongst the 

 Rhyncota, the Cicadida; lead to a mention of "Song among Insects." These 

 incidental chapters are both happy and suggestive, and form an interesting and 

 helpful portion of the book. 



The whole work is finely illustrated by over eighty coloured plates and a very 

 large number of black-and-white figures. The labour required to bring together 

 the wealth of information contained in this volume, supplemented as it is 

 by very numerous first-hand observations, must have been great, and deserves 

 acknowledgment. Mr. Maxwell- Lefroy and those working with him can be 

 heartily congratulated on the production of a very useful book, and we hope that 

 the assurance of this and the hearty " Well done ! " of workers in entomology 

 generally will be some reward. 



R. Stewart MacDougall. 



Charles Darwin and tlie Origin of Species: Addresses, etc, in America and 

 England in the year of the two Anniversaries. By E. B. Poulton, 

 D.Sc, M.A., Hope Professor of Zoology in the University of Oxford. 

 [Pp. XV + 302.] (London : Longmans, Green & Co., 1909. Price ys.bif net.) 



In th s volume Prof. Poulton has collected a number of addresses delivered by 

 himse f at meetings held to celebrate the centenary of Darwin's birth, or the 

 fiftieth anniversary of the publication of the Or/jf/n of Species. Three of the seven 

 papers of which the volume consists have been published before in other collections 

 of addresses of the same kind ; the remaining four are printed for the first time. 

 Prof. Poulton is known to all biologists as one of the most faithful disciples of 

 Darwin. His own researches have consisted almost entirely in the study of new 

 examples of the action of natural selection, and to his mind that theory still affords 

 a complete explanation of the phenomena of evolution. A great part of the 

 present volume is entirely free from controversy, much of it consisting of additional 

 details, discussed with that literary skill which Prof. Poulton possesses in no slight 

 degree, relating to Darwin's exceptional life, character, and personality. In the 

 preface, in the first address on " Fifty Years of Darwinism,'' and in the appendices, 

 however, the author fights vigorously against the view of the mutationists that the 



