REVIEWS 341 



proportion to the viscosity of the magma seems exactly contrary to what one would 

 imagine to be the case. 



These are, however, minor points, and the author must be congratulated on the 

 production of a valuable text-book in a department where one was much needed. 

 It should find a place on the bookshelf not only of the petrologist and mineralo- 

 gist but of the chemist and physicist as well. We can only trust that the demand 

 may be sufficient to call at an early date for a new edition, in which the author will 

 have ample space to deal at greater length with the fundamental problems of the 

 subject, and at the same time his printer will show more technical skill in setting 

 up the numerous mathematical symbols to be found in its pages. 



John W. Evans. 



A First Book of Physical Geography. By W. Maclean Carey. [Pp. 

 viii + 150, with 57 figures.] (London: Macmillan & Co., 1910. 

 Price IS. td.) 



In the hands of a capable teacher this little book should serve as a useful introduc- 

 tion to the study of physical geography. The general arrangement is good and 

 the explanations are usually clear. Many of the suggestions for practical work are 

 excellent ; they require very little apparatus. 



The book, however, attempts too much for its size, and some branches of the 

 subject are treated with extreme brevity. The chapter on earth-sculpture occupies 

 only fourteen pages. Under this head are included underground water, springs, 

 rivers, glaciers, the effects of wind, the work of the sea, etc. ; it is evident that so 

 brief a summary of so large a subject can be of very little value. The chapter 

 on the structure of the earth and on earth-movements is also too short to be of 

 much use. 



The mathematical and astronomical side of geography is more fully treated. 

 The temperature, pressure, and humidity of the atmosphere are dealt with at some 

 length. These are, accordingly, by far the most useful sections of the book. But 

 before approaching this part of the subject, the pupil will require a little instruction 

 in elementary physics. The description of the barometer is insufficient for those 

 who do not already understand the principle of the instrument. There is no 

 attempt to show why heat affects land and water differently. The effect of the 

 earth's rotation on the winds is stated but not explained. 



Under ordinary conditions in schools the study of climate and weather is more 

 practicable and in many respects more useful, than the study of earth-sculpture. 

 In a first course the latter may perhaps be omitted altogether, and for such a course 

 this book should form a good foundation, 



Philip Lake. 



The Mineral Kingdom, By Dr. Reinhard Brauns; translated, with additions, 

 by L. J. Spencer, M.A., F.G.S. (In course of serial publication with 

 91 plates {72> coloured) and 275 text figures.) ,^^uttgart : Fritz Lehmann ; 

 London Agents : Williams & Norgate. To be completed in 25 parts, price 

 2s. net each.) 



This is an English edition of a series of plates which constitute one of the 

 most successful attempts to represent minerals in their natural colours. It is 

 somewhat strange that artists have so rarely attempted to reproduce the colour 

 and lustre of minerals. One would have imagined that they would have 



