74 GEOLOGY OF LOWER MESOZOIC ROCKS OF QUEENSLAND, 



Filicales. — Tlie ferns, although not particularly numeious, 

 have the general appearance of a Jurassic tiora. Cladophlebis 

 australis, as already stated, is a type of frond of widespread 

 occurrence, but is specially close to the C. denticulata-iy^e, a 

 widespread Jurassic form. Phlehopteris alethopter aides is, in all 

 probability, very closely allied to Laccopteris polypodioides from 

 the European Lower Oolite, though there appears to be a differ- 

 ence in the venation. DiGtyophyllurti rugosum is a Jurassic 

 type, but its occurrence in the Walloon Series is doubtful. 

 Hausmannia Buchii, with which some specimens from the Wall- 

 oon Series have been compared, occurs in Jurassic floras of both 

 Liassic and Kimeridgean age. Sage7wpteris rhoij'olia, though 

 itself a Rhsetic species, is, at times, indistinguishable from the 

 Jurassic S. Fhillipsi. The species of Thinnfeldia, and Stenopteris 

 elongata in the Walloon Series are survivals from the Ipswich 

 flora. The survival of a number of species from the Ipswich 

 flora to the Walloon flora, and even to later floras, in Queens- 

 land is to be expected, since there were no violent earth-move- 

 ments during these times, and no marked changes are known, 

 which might have been expected to lead to any unusual dying 

 out of the older flora. It is indeed fortunate, for stratigraphical 

 study, that there are so many forms in the Ipswich Series, which 

 apparently have not survived into the AValloon Series. 



Ginkgoales. — There has been a remarkable change in the 

 number of members of this group. In the Ipswich Series, we 

 have at least seven species represented, while, in the Walloon 

 Series, there are only so far two. Ginkgo magnifolia is probably 

 identical with Fontaine's G. IhUtoni var. magnifolia from the 

 Jurassic of Oregon. The other species, Baiera Sinimondsi, is 

 another survival from the Ipswich Epoch. 



Cycadophyta. — Cycads form the most prominent element of 

 the Walloon flora, in which they are present to the extent of at 

 least 25 per cent, of the species, and, perhaps, (if Tceniojderis is 

 a Cycad) 42 per cent. On the whole, they indicate very dis 

 tinctly the aspect of a Jurassic flora. Ftilojjhyllum ( Williavi- 

 soitia) pecten is a very widespread tjpein Jurassic (Oolite) floras. 

 Up to the present, there is no indication of any Williamsonia- 



