292 



THE PANORPOID COMPLEX, 1. 



siderable distance beyond the base; and, by pressing down upon 

 it, serves to increase the strength of the coupling in this rather 

 puwerfully-riying insect. This latter type of wing-coupling, 

 which occurs also in many Trichoptera, and in some of the most 



Text-lig.CJ. 

 Wing-coupling apparatus in Archichau/iode-'i (jitftiftrns Walk., viewed from 

 above; ( x 12). A, beginning of amplexiform overfold; jJ, jugal lobe. 



highly specialised Lepidoptera, I propose to term ainpl>;.rAjurm 

 (Lat. aiiiplf'.cits^ an embrace). It is always correlated with the 

 disappearance of the frenulum. 



--^hT"^ 



Text-tig. 7. 

 Reduced wing-coupling apparatus in Raphidia macidicoUis Steph. ; ( x 40) : 

 A/, humeral lobe; ,//, jugal lobe; f, roughened tubercular patch. 



In the highest family uf the Order, the terrestrial Iiaj>hidiid<p, 

 both jugal and humeral lobes are present, but without Ijristles. 

 There is, however, a very peculiar patch uf roughened tubercles, 

 situated on the posterior margin of the forewing, just beyond the 

 jugal lobe (Text-fig. 7,^) This may })ossibly help in njaintaining 

 contact between the wdngs in tlight. 



