BY R. J. TILLYARD. 407 



quite distinct throughout theii- courses, except for the partial 

 fusion of 1 A with Cuo ah-eady mentioned in the liindwing. 



A number of cross-veins, irregularh' placed and excessively 

 variable in different individuals, are developed as supports 

 between the branches of the media, the cubitus, and the anal 

 veins. 



It should be noted that, in the imaginal venation, the main 

 stem of the media is fused with the radius for a short distance. 

 In the pupal venation, these can be seen to be quite distinct. 



►Summary. 



(1) The tracheation of the pupal wing of Chov'if^ia aia^t rails is 

 highly specialised by reduction, there being onl}- two main 

 trachete entering the wing. Of these, one belongs to the costo- 

 radial group and passes into the radius; the other belongs to the 

 cubito-anal group and passes into the media. 



(2) In the freshly-turned pupa, the fusions of veins that are 

 found in the imaginal venation are not accomplished, and hence 

 it is possible to interpret the whole of the venation with certainty. 



(3) Main veins and their branches, in the imaginal \ enation, 

 carry macrotrichia; cross-veins do not. From this, it is de- 

 monstrable that an apparent cross-vein below M is in reality the 

 basal portion of Cuj. 



(4) The imaginal venation is specialised in having M fused 

 basally with R for a short distance; in having Cu, continuing 

 the line of the main stem of M, the short basal portion of Cuj 

 resembling a cross-vein below M; and also in the partial fusion 

 of Cug with lA in the hind wing. 



(5) The rest of the venation is of a generalised type, closelj" 

 resembling the typical Trichopterous plan, but with an extra 

 branch to M4 in the forewing. Cross-veins are fairly numerous, 

 but variable in position and number in difterent individuals. 



