By k. h. cambage, 693 



tributaries, but is not recorded from Victoria. The first refer- 

 ence to its absence from the Murray or Hume River is tliat by 

 Hovel] and Hume in the report of their exploration fi'om Goul- 

 burn to Port Phillip.* When referring to the river, their note 

 reads : " but there was no swamp-oak, the tree so universal on 

 the rivers to the northward and eastward " (p.44).t 



A small clump of Casuariua LueJnnanni^ the Bull Oak of the 

 interior, was found near where the Gundaroo Pvoad, at about 2^ 

 miles from Queanbeyan, passes the Molonglo River. The trees 

 were confined to a high, steeply sloping, volcanic tuff" bank of from 

 40 to 70 feet deep, on the southern side of the River, and, while 

 facing a northern aspect, were well sheltered from the cold south- 

 erly influence (Plate Ixxi.). Although the branches and stems 

 of some of the Oak-trees reached above the bank, it was noticed 

 that their bases were all below the summit, which signifies that, 

 in the early seedling-stage, the plants require shelter to allow 

 them to become established. -The finding of these trees in the 

 Territory was a matter of great surprise, for the nearest locality 

 where they are known to me is between Cootamundra and 

 Temora, a distance of about 80 miles in a direct line, though 

 some may possibly have occurred at intervening spots along the 

 valley of the Murrumbidgee. The species is one having a very 

 wide distribution, extending from the south-eastern portion of 

 South Australia, across part of Victoria and the whole of Central 

 and part of AVestern New South Wales, continuing along the 

 eastern portion of Queensland at least as far as Biboohra, west 

 of Cairns, in latitude 17°; and, in places, pushing through low 

 gaps in the mountains, towards the east coast, but usually select- 

 ing a warm climate. It comes through the Cassilis Geocol and 

 down the Hunter Valley to near Ravens worth and Pokolbin, 

 where it overlaps the coastal salt or brackish-water Swamp-Oak 

 (C. ylaiica), and it may be seen from the train between Bunda- 

 berg and Gladstone in Queensland. In 1899, a few trees of 



* Journey of Discovery to Port Phillip, N. S. Wales, in 1824 and 1825, 

 by W. H. Hovell and H, Hume. 



t For some previous remarks, see Journ. Proc. Ro3^ fSoc. N. S. Wales, 

 Vol. xlix., p.399(1915). Also, These Proceedings, 1901, Vol. xxvi., p. 685. 



