BY G. P. DARNELL-SMITH. 875 



between the ends of the cell; frequently they are joined together 

 by a narrow band which stains deeply with hsematoxylin. When 

 the spore is about to germinate, the protoplasm becomes much 

 vacuolated and the nuclei appear to fragment (PL Ixxxvi., fig.7). 



The second kind of spore, which has not been previously de- 

 scribed, is much smaller, measuring only 7-5 x 1 -G/x. 



The extremities are usually slightly thicker than the middle, 

 the spores being somewhat dumb-bell shaped. 



The spores have the following dimensions : 



L.= length, c. = centre-width. E. broadest-end. 



Range: (L.) 6-0 - 9-3 x c. (1-0- 2-0) xE. 1-3 x 20/x. 



Average : (L.) 7'5 x c. 1-3 x E. 1-6/ji. 



A highly refringent granule is usually present at each end. 

 Sometimes there are three or four granules present, or there may 

 be none at all. The spores themselves occasionally have the form 

 of simple rods, or they are moniliform or hourglass-shaped. If 

 present, they are discharged from the pycnidia with the larger 

 spores in the viscid masses previously referred to, or they may 

 be discharged in a stream from a ripe pycnidium when moistened 

 (PI. xc, fig. 25). They do not separate from one another in the 

 manner of the larger spores; indeed, they sometimes lie side by 

 side like rouleaux of red blood-corpuscles (PI. Ixxxvi., figs. 8, 9). 



As I have not been able to induce these spores to germinate, 

 or to determine their functions, I shall speak of them as "x" 

 spores. 



The presence of "x ' spores in the pycnidia of various Sphce- 

 ropsidce is known in a few genera. 



F. A. Wolf (6), in describing Ascochyla hoi'torum, which was 

 formerly known as Phoma solani, states that, in the pycnidia, he 

 finds typical conidia, 6-10 x 2"5-4//,, together with "a second type 

 of spore which is hyaline, continuous, frequently curved or 

 hooked at one end, 14-17 x 2-2 S/y.. These spores may occur in 

 the pycnidium together with the pycnospores, or alone in other 



pycnidia." He continues, "Morphologically, at least, they 



are identical with the stylospores of Nitschke in Diaporthe, the 

 " B " spores of Diedicke in Phoniopsis, the scolecospores of Spear 

 and the paraphyses of Reddick in Fusicocann, the pycnidial form 



