290 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Celosia—continued. 
forming a crested mass, as in C. cristata, they assume a more 
normal form in elegant plants. A. lift. India, 1820. There are 
a great number of varieties of this species, all of which are 
very ornamental, and, in a small state, are suitable for table 
decoration. 
CELSIA (named after Olaus Celsius, 1670-1756, 
professor in the university of Орға], author of “ Hiero- 
botanicon,” a work on biblical botany). ORD. Scrophu- 
larineew. Hardy or half-hardy herbs. Flowers disposed 
in loose, terminal racemes or spikes. Leaves crenate, 
sinuate, dentate, or pinnatifid. 'This genus differs from 
Verbascum merely in having four didynamous stamens. 
The seed may be sown in the open borders, in June, and 
thinned out for flowering, or raised in nursery beds and 
transplanted. C. Arcturus should be increased by cuttings, 
young wood striking freely in a cool house or frame. 
C. Arcturus (Arcturus).* ellow, ~ i 
purple rid July to dE ари with 
ones oblong. h, 4ft. Candia, 1780. Half-hardy shrubby species, 
This is a pretty plant for pot culture in a cool house. (B. M. 1962.) 
С, ъеѓопісгеѓоНа (Betony-leaved). jl. yellow, the two superior 
segments marked eac 
h by a purple July. l. 
wrinkled, crenated. Plant bay. E att, erin 160 Half: 
hardy biennial. (B. M. 
Л. yellowish, with curious brown 
- qo ope 
markin, à ovate, crenate. h. - 
ман е nai Su! lft. South-east Europe, 
y. SYN. lanthe bugulifi 
C. cretica (Cretan)* /L yellow, marked with 
spots at the bottom on the upper side ; іп. innere. mmis 
sessile. June, l. hairy, lyrate-oblong ; upper ones oblong. h. 
4ft. to 6ft. Crete, 1752. Hardy biennial. (ре М. 964.) 
orientalis (oriental). Л. yellow, shorter than the bracts. 
June, July. 1. lower ones jagged ; cauline ones bipinnate ; seg- 
ments narrow. À.2ft. Levant, 1713. Hardyannual. (S. F. G 605.) 
CELTIS (name used by Pliny for the Lotus). Nettle- 
3 ) м 
tree. Овр. Urticacem. А genus of rather large, hardy, 
deciduous trees or shrubs, with greenish fascicled or 
racemose flowers, small one-seeded drupaceous fruit, and 
strongly-nerved, simple, alternate leaves. They thrive in 
ordinary soil, and are very suitable for the back of a shrub- 
bery. Increased by seeds, which should be sown as soon 
as ripe; by layers; and by cuttings of ripened shoots, in 
autumn. The stove species are not worth growing. 
australis (Southern . green 
lanceolate, oblong. И or aciminae, argue бея 
е a^ the base; upper surface ; under one down 
h. 306. to 40ft. South Europe, 1796, wp. B. 105.) d 
C. cordata (cordate). Synonymous with 0. 
C. crassifolia (thick-leaved).* American Hackberry. green. 
ish; peduncle sl x May. fo 
leathery, opra auricled, and egaal at the base, 6in. long, 
‚ Serrated, го! both surfaces. h. 20ft. to 
North America, 1812. SYM. Ce cordata. z ы, 
C. Davidiana (Rev. Father David' L elliptie, narro 
мА ends, ртов ану er thick, EL glabrous deep 
glaucous-green above, een beneath. China, 
much-branched tree, with pen ulous twigs. -— 
С. occidentalis (Western)* North American Ni 
greenish, small May. n reticulated, ovate taal “ 
equal at the base, serrate, rough on the п surface, hairy on 
a under опе. A. 30ft. to 50ft. Canada, od (W. D. B. 147.) 
о. (dwarf) А dwarf form, seldom i 
height, with nore membranous (at length) С елы. m Д m" 
| (Tournefort's) fl. greenish. l, when ad It, 
сед Е var een - I roughish on the 
_ Дасо: E te 
a E^ ita. Pappus short and bristly, rarely none ; involucre 
i oblong; bracts imbricated, scarious, frin 
tms or spinous ; receptacle bristly ; florets all tale’ 
oy реч ones sometimes large and neuter. Of this genus, 
nials) have been deseribed ;: compar. 
1 sequent] 
four in a patch, where they are tj 
Centaurea— continued. 
remain and bloom. Тһе biennials may be sown in March, 
in a slight heat, and planted out in May. The herbaceous 
perennials require merely ordinary care and attention, and 
common garden soil, wherein to thrive well. С. ragu- 
sina and C. Cineraria are very extensively cultivated, 
and as failures are occasionally experienced in their 
propagation, the following plan, practised by a successful 
grower, is recommended: First, make the cuttings, about 
; the beginning of September, take 
off the bottom leaves, and allow 
only about lin. of wood to remain. 
Insert them in 60-sized pots, in а 
compost of loam, leaf mould, and 
Sharp sand, in equal proportions; 
plunge in a cold frame, and keep | 
them close for about four weeks, E 
by which time they will be rooted. 
Great care must be taken in wa- 
tering. When they become pot- 
bound, shift into 48-sized pots, in 
which they may remain until bed- 
ding-out time. Seeds may also be 
easily procured and raised. They 
should be sown in August, in 
slight heat; and when the seed- 
lings are large enough to handle, 
they should be potted off singly |. 
into small thimble pots, in which F 
they may be-—kept throngh “the 
winter, in a cold frame or cool 
house, a shift being given in the 
spring. Much stronger plants are 
thus obtained than if the seed is 
sown in the early part of the year. - 
C. al alpine)* fl.. ; 
ы melee aa MEN TUN 
C. am 
ericana (American 
€ pup ss of involucre three 
‘ mes as s their 
Fig. 396. FLOWERING * ides 
BRANCH ОЕ CEN- 
TAUREA AMERICANA. 
C.atropurpurea (dark purple).* f-heads dark purpl P inre 
eat ате serraje, tel JaneW Аздыр. È BE 
во, Hardy perennial - t. Eastern Europe, &c. 
С. aurea | 
Р Диа врт ; florets equal, 
L hairy; lower ones pinnatifid. A. 2it. 
Hardy perennial. (B. M. 421.) : 
den)* f.-heads golden-yellow; involucre simpl 
fi July to September. 
к South Europe, 1758. | 
babylonica (Babylonian). /L.Aeads small, numerously | 
produced close to, and ноа ети a | 
сото stalked, with a fina pia ones narrower, | 
which renders this speci Targo, е ны те ов | 
n 
gen xd ue 6ft. to 106, Levant, 1710. 
^X Cineraria e cilia 
(Cineraria). Jl. purple; invol i ad 
and August, 1. do white, all compound ; lowest f 
natifid ; upper ones рало naio anisini a id ly, de. x 
e- 
erbaceous perennial SYN. C. pee y 
Blue-bottle, or Cornflow. 
heads, florets of the disk purple, e eer тау, hit blue, 
Т me ы eee wili 
ss e; the lower ones often 
Sft. Britain. is one of the — 
It varies in all _ 
C. dealbata (whitened)* l.-hea oloured, 
smooth above and тей ee cared, neve pne 
ones stalked 
olate lobes. 
ё us. See Fig. 399. 
depressa (depressed) fl.-heads blue, with b: -red centre. 
Summer, Orient, 1818. ek This speciosus EE а. 
