306 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
у Chamslaucium—continued. 
Flowers white, axillary, subtended by two concave bracte- 
oles, which fall off in a calyptra from the young bud. 
Leaves opposite, crowded, linear, triquetrous. For cul- 
ture and propagation, see Calythrix. 
С. ciliatum (hair-fringed). /L, tube of calyx striated, glabrous, 
with the lobes roundish and ciliated. May. h. 2ft. West 
Australia, 1825. 
CHAMJELEDON PROCUMBENS. See Loise- 
leuria. 
CHAMJEPEUCE (from chamai, dwarf, and peuke, a 
Pine; resemblance). Овр. Composite. This genus is now 
usually included under Cnicus. Nearly hardy herbaceous 
plants, differing from Cnicus proper in the covering of the 
achenes being hardened, not membranaceous; and from 
Carduus in the pappus being feathery, not simple. Flower- 
heads from lin. to 2in. in diameter, generally arranged in 
corymbs or long leafy racemes. Leaves usually lanceolate, 
with very spiny margins. Of the entire genus, the only 
two worth much attention are C. Casabone and C. 
diacantha, Both these are effective for sub-tropical gar- 
dening and carpet bedding, growing in compact rosette-like 
patches, and not producing stems or flower-heads until the 
second year. Propagated by seeds, sown in gentle heat, in 
February, and also in September, in which latter case the 
young seedlings should be potted up and kept indoors 
throughout the winter months. 
©. Casabons (Casabona’s).  Fish-bone Thistle, /-heads pale 
Аз; T . deep green, veined with white, spiny. 
Sft. South Europe, 1714. 
diacantha (two-spined)  /L-heads purplish, in d i 
like clusters. Summer. 4. “е аыл: marked with’ en 
lines; spines ivory-white. A. 2ft. to dit. Syria, 1800. 
С, stricta (upright) /.-heads мир. Summer. Z. veined with 
white, A. 2ft. South Europe, A neat and dwarf- i 
species, sometimes seen in gardens, кузы 
CHAMJERANTHEMUM (from chamai, dwarf, and 
anthos, a flower). ORD. Acanthacee. Stove plants, thriving 
best in a well-drained peat and loam compost. Cuttings 
of young shoots will root in spring, if planted in sand and 
placed in heat. 
c. variegatum (Beyri 
4. rather large, mark i nargi 
evs an along eats рү ты 
c. ечи (fiery). jt yellow. 1. with red veins, Peru. (R. G. 
C, piotum (painted). 
orange ү 
a well-drained ledge of the 
Tm E 
. Pales. А genus comprising two species of ornamos 
mixture of sand, peat, and loam; and should | 
PEN 3 
Chamerops—continued. 
one-seeded, and resemble Olives in appearance. 0. 
humilis is frequently employed in sub-tropical gardening, 
for which purpose it should have a situation sheltered from 
strong winds. The species are of very easy culture in 
a compost of rich strong loam, to which is added a small 
portion of vegetable mould and sand; perfect drainage, 
and copious supplies of water throughout the summer, are 
most essential to success. Propagation may be effected 
by suckers, which generally appear in considerable quan- 
tities; or by seeds. See also Bhapidophyllum, Sabal, 
and Trachycarpus. 
C. humilis (dwarf).* l. glaucous on both surfaces, divided about 
one-third their length into narrow, erect segments; petioles 
glaucous, 3ft. to 4ft. in length, armed at the edges with stout _ 
spines. h. 20ft. (usually about 4ft. to 6ft. in English gardens). — 
South Europe and North Africa, 1731. In its native home, | 
this species is seen to most perfection. It is very fine, and well 
worthy of greatly extended cultivation. К 
C. macrocarpa (large-fruited).* А robust growing form, witha 
stout stem and larger fruit than the foregoing species. It has 
a hardy constitution, and is an excellent plant for decorative 
purposes, Northern Africa. 
A (commemorative of the naturalist, Louis 
Charles Albert von Chamisso, born at Boncourt in Cham- 
расте, in 1781; died at Berlin in 1838). ORD. Amarantacee. _ 
A genus containing some six or eight species, from tropical _ 
and sub-tropical South America. Some of the species now | 
referred here were formerly placed under Achyranthes, a 
genus of about a dozen species, of merely botanica 
interest. Chamissoas thrive well in loam and leaf mo 
They may be readily increased by seeds; or hy i 
inserted in sand, in bottom heat. The only species 
worth mentioning here is the following: 
C. altissima (tallest). Л, whitish, in branched terminal and 
axillary panicles, J. stalked, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, hairy 
beneath. А tall herbaceous greenhouse or stove perennial —— 
CHAMOMILE, or CAMOMILE (Anthemis nobilis 
A perennial herbaceous plant, at one time—and still to 
considerable extent—in repute as a medicinal agent. — 
has both tonic and febrifugal properties, and thrives on any 
light rich soil, if fairly dry. The plants may be raised from. 
seed, but the quickest way of propagation is by dividing 
the roots in spring, and replanting in small patches, about 
9in. apart. They must be watered when dry, until esta- 
blished, and kept clear of weeds. 'The flowers, which alone 
are used, should be picked as soon as fully expanded, it 
fine, sunny weather, placed thinly in a shady place to dry, 
and turned over occasionally. As the blooming season 
lasts for some time, several pickings may be made. ТЇ 
are two varieties—the Single and the Double-flowered. 
The latter produces the greater bulk of flowers, and i 
consequently, most cultivated. The flowers of the Single 
variety are, however, of the best medicinal quality. 
CHEEIISS 
T 
D 
= 
_ Pie. 418, THE CHAMPIGNON (MARASMIUS OREADES). 
