; 
LI 
OF HORTICULTURE. 331 
AN ENCYCLOPÆDIA 
Cirrhopetalum—continued. 
lengthened into thread-like points, din. or Sin. in length. Suin- 
mer. J. solitary, oblong, emarginate, coriaceous, deep green. 
arene ecb ove somewhat four-angled. Singapore, 1839. 
C. Pahudii (Pahud's) f. reddish-brown, with bright red dots, 
disposed in а ЖАНА: араай tals turned back. J. dark 
gu Java, . А very curious interesting species, SYN. 
. flagelliforme, 
uars’s).* roduced in umbels on the apex of 
Me € / рери ве are of а tawny 
remainder of the flower is yellow, 
orange colour, whilst the 
dotted with red. Summer. l solitary, oblong, obtuse, dark 
uced from a creep- 
green, coriaceous. Pseudo-bulbs smooth, prod 
ing rhizome or stem. Java, Manilla, &c. (B. M. 4237.) 
dancing).* brown, purplish-white, disposed in 
x M "^ ат суы biooum. Burmah, 1576. " This is 
"i described ав a rather modest, but pretty, plant. 
CIRRHOSE. Tendrilled; having tendrils or claspers, 
as the Pea. 
CIRSIUM. See Cnicus. 
CISSAMPELOS (from Kissos, the Greek name of Ivy, 
and Ampelos, a Vine; the plants resembling Ivy in their 
rambling habit, and the Vine in having the fruit in racemes). 
Pareira Brava Root. ORD. Menispermaceæ. Stove climb- 
ing shrubs.  Racemes axillary; male ones often trichoto- 
mously branched, somewhat corymbose, solitary, twin or in 
threes, bearing many flowers at the top of the pedicels; 
female racemes simple, elongated, bearing broad alternate 
bracts. Leaves simple, stalked, orbicular, ovate, heart- 
shaped or peltate, mucronulate at the apex. These plants 
grow freely in fibrous loam. Cuttings root readily, with 
a hand glass placed over them, in heat. The majority of 
the species require a great deal of room to spread, before 
Thouarsii 
the slender scape; the long 
_ they arrive at a flowering stage. 
С. mauritiana uritian).* ellow, green; male racemes 
axillary, in xn mak. нн ans By pubescent- 
villous; those of the male plants peltate. Branches hispid. 
Mauritius, 1820. 
C. Pareira (Pareira). Caapeba. ; female racemes 
Ionger than the indt Ju s Ё somewhat cordate, 
ovate-orbicular; under bescent. Branches 
smooth. Martinico, Jamaica, &c., 1733. M. Pl. 15.) 
There are about a score other species. 
CISSUS (from Kissos, Ivy; in reference to the habit). 
ORD. Ampelidem. This genus is now generally merged 
into Vitis. Climbing plants, with cymes or corymbs of 
small greenish, yellow, or purplish flowers, and simple, 
trifoliate, or palmate leaves. 
Аз a roof climber, or bracket or trellis plant, C. discolor 
is universally admired. Two parts turfy peat, and one of 
loam and leaf mould, with a fair proportion of gritty sand, 
suits it well, either for basket or pot culture, or for 
planting out. Of course, in the latter case, the soil used 
will be coarser, and the drainage must be more ample. It 
thrives well in large pots; but for a fine growth over lofty 
. roof girders or arches, or up pillars, it is best planted ont. 
It luxuriates in bottom heat, displaying an unusual size 
and colour of leaf when growing freely in a surface tem- 
perature of 70deg., and а bottom heat of 80deg. Still, it 
also grows and colours well withont bottom heat, and in 
the usual temperature of the plant stove. Propagation is 
easily effected by cuttings; more so in the spring than at 
any other season. "There are, then, two modes of rooting. 
One consists in choosing the weakly shoots that are pruned 
just before the plants break into new growth. The other 
plan is even more successful: allow the young shoots to 
grow to a length of about 2in.; then eut them off, with a 
small piece of the base branch adhering to the young wood ; 
ог the shoots may be cut off with one or several of these 
young branchlets on them. Cut the old branch through at 
the base of each young one, and insert the cuttings with 
this heel of old wood entire. Very sandy soil or pure sand 
should be used for them. The cuttings should be plunged 
in a sharp bottom heat, in a close frame. They strike all 
нобе т рттан with bell glasses. Pot off so soon 
_ ав rooted, and push on in a temperature of 70deg. to 80deg. 
_ When the plants are in full growth, and making long and 
| warm, sheltered positions. The texture of the flowers 
Cissus —conti nued, 
strong shoots, they will be greatly benefited by the 
application of a little manure water. Great care must, 
however, be taken to use only a very weak solution; other- 
wise, instead of assisting the plants, it will prove very 
detrimental to them. 
C. discolor (various-coloured),* 
what quinquefid, shorter than 
oblong, acuminated, the edg 
upper surface of a bright 
with white; under side of 
Л. greenish-yellow; cymes some- 
the leaves. y* t. L cordate- 
es furnished with bristly serratures ; 
velvety-green, spotted or mottled 
а deep reddish-purple; both sur- 
а ro E as the angular branches, smooth. Java, 1854. 
Wen (purple-leaved). A synonym of Piper 
CISTERNS. These may be made of galvanised iron or 
slate, when required to be movable or only of a moderate 
size. As permanent reservoirs for water, Cisterns are 
generally constructed with stone or brick, and coated 
inside with cement. The superior value of rain water _ 
over any other for plant cultivation and garden purposes 
generally, is unfortunately often overlooked when building 
glass houses, as it is frequently conducted to drains when 
accommodation for its reception should be provided in the 
shape of Cisterns. These can be placed above or below 
ground, either inside 
addition, should be 
causing 
Almost all sizes шћу be 
I use, and are well adapted for placi 
in houses where permanent ones are not ; 
stand and become warmed before a 
plants. Cold water is very injurious t 
plants growing in a warm temperature; hence the neces- 
sity for Cisterns of some sort, placed near or 
water pipes if possible, and kept filled with waf 
for use. Where hard water has, of necessity, to 
for pot plants outside in summer, it may be ma 
softened by being placed in large open Cisterns, a 
posed for a time to the air. Cisterns may also be 
suecessfully for eultivating, on а small scale, tropi 
hardy water plants. In connection with a heating aj 
tus, the cold-water Cistern should, in all cases, be p 
at least a few feet above the highest point of the р 
‘has to supply. The size of Cistern for this 
immaterial, the important part being to keep it 
with water. 
herbaceons plants, 
three, petals, which 
only a day. Leaves 
к о AE i 
Elegant abs. 
Flowers large, handsome, resembling a. 
ephemeral in character ; peduncles axillary, one or many- 
flowered. Leaves opposite, exstipulate, entire, or some- 
what toothed. Without exception, this genus is a most - 
charming one, and ought to be represented in every garden; 
but, unfortunately, the species will only thrive happily Es 
very delicate; their colours are distinct and rich, and - 
they are borne with great profusion during summer, In 
cold localities, they should be planted at the foot of а _ 
with a southern | . Propagation may be effected — 
by seeds or euttings, hand glasses outside, or inside - 
With a gentle bottom heat; 
; but seedlings always make 
the best plants. The seeds should be sown early in 
in pans or boxes, in a frame, and lightly 
sifted sandy mould. The seedlings will come 
