890 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Cotyledon—continued. > 
Sempervivum (House Leek).* 7. deep red; peduncles many- 
no August Pm September. l. rosulate, ovate, sub-acute, 
dull green, tinged with brown. Л. 4in. to біп. Hardy. SYN. 
Umbilicus Sempervivum. . 537. € 
C. serrata (saw-like). Л. variegated with white and red ; peduncles 
two to ratur suia June. l. oblong, car nously-cre- 
nated. Stem sub-spicate. A. біп. Candia, 1732. Hardy. (5. Е. G. 
44.) 
ape iny).* yellow, five-parted, on short pedicels, 
d ected Per. ceat Spike. June. l. oblong, pointed by a 
spine at the apex, quite entire ; radical ones rosulate, spathulate, 
convex копа: towards the apex; cauline ones lanceolate, flat. 
- Stem spicate, very simple. A. lft. Siberia, China, &c., 1810. 
Hardy. Often called in gardens Sempervivum spinosum. 
С. teretifolia (terete-leaved), Л. yellow. July. A. lift. South 
ge ed) T lose to C. papil- 
C. tricuspidata (three-spined). This species is close . papi 
laris, but differs in the leaves being tricuspidate. A. lft. Cape 
of Good Hope, 1823. 
C. tuberculosa 
(knotted). fl. showy, se ogra a tubular, 
lin. or more long, sub-panicled, erect; limb spreading. June, 
|. scattered, Msi diapers linear-oblong, acute. Л. lft. Cape 
of Good Hope, 1820. 
C. turkestanica (Turkestan). Л. white, with purple stripes out- 
. . Side, cymose ; floral stem 2in. to біп. high. Z, radical ones in a 
. dense rosette, flat, oblong-lanceolate or gee ce ovat acute, 
puberulous, ciliate. A. 9in. Turkestan, 1880. Hardy. 
C. Umbilicus (Navelwort).* Penny Leaf; Penny Pies; Penny 
wort. jl. yellow, erect ; corolla hardly five-cleft to the middle. 
June. Z, lower ones peltate, densely crenated, roundish ; bracts 
alittle toothed. А. біп. Britain. Hardy. (Sy. En. B. 539.) 
C. velutina (velvety).* fl. yellow, green at the base, and margined 
with red, pendulous ; scape erect, with a flat-headed sub-corym- 
bose cle. 1. large, opposite, oblong-ovate, flesh , velvety 
when young, and somewhat glaucous when old. Л. 2ft. to З. 
South Africa, about 1840. (B. M. 5684.) 
COTYLEDONS. The rudimentary leaves of the 
embryo; commonly called Seed: Leaves. 
COULTERIA (named after Thomas Coulter, M.D., 
author of a Monograph on the Natural Order Dipsacec). 
This is now regarded as a mere section of the large genus 
Casalpinia. Stove evergreen shrubs, with spines in the 
axils of the abruptly pinnate leaves. Flowers yellow, dis- 
posed in racemes; pedicels articulated, under the flower. 
~ For culture, see C. horrida and C. tinctoria 
| are the only two species which have been introduced into 
this country, and probably these are only seen in botanic 
COUROUPITA (native name). A small genus, con- 
taining four species of trees belonging to the TRIBE 
Lecythidew of ORD. Myrtacew.- The clusters of flowers 
. Spring from the trunks and branches. Leaves alternate, 
| entire or obscurely crenate ; stipules lanceolate, deciduous. 
All are natives of tropical America; none are met with 
in cultivation, except in botanic gardens. The best-known 
is C. guranensis (the Cannon-ball tree), the eup-like fruit 
shells serving various purposes. 
y in an odd leaflet; spola They 
„11 a compost of loam and peat, well drain 
of frm young shoots will soot in a peas 
summer, if placed in a mild bottom heat 
infos glass. "There ате about ten 
natives of the warmer parts of tho New 
“А. (named after M. Cousin, a French botanist 
9. Hardy biennials and perennials, aay 
Cousinia—continued. 
only one now grown. This may be increased by dividing 
the roots in spring ; or from seed, sown in a cold frame. 
(bristly). (f.-heads purplish, disposed in solitary, 
somewhat globose, woolly heads. June. l. pinnatifid, or pin- 
nate, with spiny teeth, covered on both surfaces with a cobweb- 
like down. Stem branching at top. Л. 2ft. Orient, 1838. Hardy 
herbaceous biennial. 
COUTAREA (the native name in Guiana) Овр. 
Rubiacew. A small genus of stove evergreen trees, from _ 
tropical America. Some of the species are believed to 
furnish the Cinchona bark of French Guiana, They are 
of easy culture in a compost of loam, sand, and peat. 
Cuttings will root readily in the same kind of soil, under 
a hand glass, in heat. 
С. speciosa (showy).* /., corolla purple, large, broad, funnel- 
Чөкү peduncles trifid, оона dd, 1. ovate, acuminated, 
on very short petioles, glabrous; stipules broad, short, acute. 
h. 25ft. Guiana, 1803. 
COUTOUBEA (Caribbean name of one of the species). 
Бүх. Picria. ORD. Gentianacem. А small genus of erect 
stove herbs. Flowers white or purplish, disposed in ter- 
minal and lateral spikes or racemes, dense or loose, brac- 
teate; corolla salver-shaped, with an equal cylindrical 
tube, or naked throat, and a four-parted limb. Leaves 
opposite, rarely whorled, decussate, sessile, or amplexicaul, 
one-nerved, thinnish, veined. Stems obscurely te 
usually branched; branches opposite, and thickened at 
the roots. All are of the easiest culture, requiring the — 
same treatment as other tender annuals. ae 
C. ramosa (branch Л. white, decussate, remotes spikes 
terminal, axillary, the’ ower part leafy. June. 1. oblong-lanceo- 
late, acuminate at both ends. Stems divaricately bran h, 
lít. to 2ft. Guiana, 1824, 
om костон) си poe th уннн ongated, loose. 
July. 4. lanceolate, acuminated at both ends. erect, 
branched. A. 2ft. to 3ft. Guiana, 1823. 
COWAGE. See Mucuna. 
` COWANIA (in honour of James Cowan, a London 
merchant, who several times visited Mexico and Peru, 
whence he introduced а great many plants). ORD. Rosacew. 
A genus of very ornamental greenhouse evergreen 
natives of Mexico and the adjacent interior region я 
ward. They are extremely difficult to propagate. Perhaps 
the only one of the three species yet introduced is C. plicata. — 
It requires a sandy peat and loam soil. 
С. erictefolia (Heath-leaved). fl. white, smaller. 1. linear, entire. 
Found only by Parry, on the Rio Grande. 
C. mexicana (Mexican).* Ё yellow, L euneate-obovate, 
nately three to seven-lobed, green above, tomentose b 
А. 1ft. to 6ft. Mountains of California to Mexico. : 
C. plicata (plaited)* Л. dark red, terminal, solitary, almost 
sessile ; when огай! from the bud, exactly like those of 
ift. to bft. Mex A rigid, е 
Ji 
fi laited. 
т ра shrub. (S. В. EG. 400.) 2 
COW BERRY. See Vaccinium Vitis-Idea. _ 
COWDUNG. For potting purposes, this is highly 
valued. It should be collected and stored in a shed, where 
it can be frequently turned, and allowed to remain 1 
nearly dry before being used. For manure water, 
Cowdung may be employed, if plenty of clear water 
added. 
COW GRASS. See Trifolium medium. T 
COWHAGE. See Mucuna. E 
COWHAGE CHERRY. See Malpighia urens. 
COW ITCH. See Mucuna. d 
COW-ITCH CHERRY. See Malpighia urens- 
COW PARSLEY and COW PARSNIP. 
Heracleum. 
COWSLIP. S» Primula veris. 
| COW-TREE. See Galactodendron. 
ether ; corolla 
