CATALOGUE. 
145 
series, the outer ones broadly spatiilate, herbaceous, inner ones longer and 
with membranaceous margins, innermost occasionally very long and narrow, 
almost wholly membranaceous ; ray-flowers with a very short ligule or only 
a slender truncated tube much shorter than the style ; disk-flowers numerous, 
very slender; achenia densely pubescent; pappus very copious, considerably 
exceeding the involucre. — Slave Lake and Saskatchewan to California, 
Colorado and New Mexico. Valleys from the West Humboldt Mountains to 
theWahsatch; May-September. (517.) 
TowNDSENDiA^ scAPiGERA. Canescent with fine appressed hairs ; caudex 
perennial, bearing a tuft of leaves with a roundish or obovate sometimes 
emarginate lamina, narrowed into a petiole 1-2' long, and giving rise to 
several naked or 1-2-bracted monocephalous scapes 2-3' high ; involucre 
6-8" wide, the scales imbricated in about two rows ; the outer ones ovate- 
oblong, mostly herbaceous, hairy ; inner ones oblong-lanceolate, the scarious 
margins slightly fringed, and pinkish towards the tips ; ray-flowers twice as 
long as the involucre, mostly fertile; pappus as long as the achenium, that of 
the disk-flowers rather longer. — Flowers dull-pinkish. This will rank with 
T. sericea and T. incana, on account of the perennial root and w^ell-developed 
pappus of the ray, though in the following variety it approaches the habit of 
Nanastrum. Dry rocky ridges in the Trinity and Pah-Ute Mountains, 
Nevada; 5-6,000 feet elevation. May, June. Plate XVII. Fig. 1. Plant; 
natural size. Fig. 2. Ray-flower. Fig. 4. Disk-flower. Fig. 6. Anther ; each 
enlarged three diameters. Fig. 3. Pappus-bristle of ray-flower. Fig. 5. 
Same of disk-flower ; enlarged eight diameters. Fig, 7. Style of disk ; 
enlarged ten diameters. (518.) 
Var. CAULESCENS, Stems 4' long, sending out leafy branches near the 
base; leaves narrowly linear-spatulate, 2 i' long; heads rather smaller; in 
other respects like the type. — Monitor Valley, Nevada, 5,500 feet elevation ; 
July. (519.) 
TowNSENDiA STRIGOSA, Nutt. Annual, canescent with a fine appressed 
' TOWNSENDIA, Hook. Heads large ; the rose-colored or whitish rays in one series, rather long, 
pistillate, sometimes infertile ; disk-flosvers perfect, -with tnhular-obconic 5-toothed corollas. Branches 
of the style lanceolate, acutish, hairy towards the ends. Involncres hemispherical or snb-glohose, of 
nnmerons rather large, imbricated and appressed, scarious-margined lacerate-fringed and often tinted 
scales. Acbonia llattencd, pubescent or hairy, 2-3 nerved. Pappus of numerous stout barbellate bris- 
tles, that of the ray commonly shorter, or reduced in part or wholly to short subulate bristles or little 
scales.— Dwarf, stemless or branching, annual or perennial herbs, with crowded, linear or spatnlate, entire 
^l^^^y^a^es.— Natives of the mountainous regions east of the Sierras, from the Saskatchewan to New 
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