330 
BOTANY. 
showing tlie albumen surrounded by the double testa, all united at the 
apex. Fig. 14. The removed integuments, the free portion of the outer coat 
separated from the horny apex of the ovule and folded back. Fig. 15. Ver- 
tical section of the albumen, showing its axial cavity and the partially de- 
veloped embryo. Fig. 16. Embryo at a still earlier stage of growth. 
Var. PEDUNCULATA. (E. pedunculata, Eng. Bot. Simpson's Rep.^ ined.) 
Fertile aments more or less pedunculated, the peduncles sometimes 6" long, 
straight or geniculate, the lower pair of bracts usually somewhat distant from 
the upper ones. — Nevada, (H. Engelmann.) Southern Utah, (Palmer.) 
CONIFERS. 
PiNUS MONOPHYLLA, Torr. DC. Prodr. 16. 2. 378. A low tree of 
rather open rigid habit, the branches spreading or subdeflexed; bud-scales 
broad-ovate, acute or obtuse, spreading or appressed, light-brown, persist- 
ent, more obtuse and spreading on the barren shoots ; sheaths short, light- 
brown, soon lacerate and revolute ; leaves solitary, terete, short, 1-2 i' long 
and f" in diameter, rigid, straight or subcurved, mucronate and pungent, 
smooth, glaucous, very rarely in pairs and semi-cylindric ; staminate aments 
numerous in a short (2-I') spike, 2-3" long, oblong, obtuse, crests of the 
anthers dilated, semi-orbicular, entire ; cones 2-2i' long. If broad, ovate, 
sessile, the scales smooth and shining, obovate, cuneate, 1' long, 10—12" wide, 
the apophysis pyramidal, 3-4-sided, recurved, with a truncate and depressed 
summit ; nuts oblong, i' long and 3" in thickness, somewhat angled, light- 
colored, rather thin, wingless, the bracts small, becoming 2-3" long, thin and 
free. — On the eastern slope of the Sierras and eastward, and reported from 
the Cascade Mountains, Oregon. Frequent on many of the ranges of Nevada 
from the Sierras to the East Humboldt Mountains, at 4,500-7,000 feet alti- 
tude, growing 10-20° high, rarely 1° in diameter. For the first 2-3 years 
from the seed, the leaves are very short and lance-hnear, subflattened, 
carinate and caniculate, sheathless. The allied P. ecluUs, Eng., which is 
found from Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona, is said to grow 30-50° 
high, the leaves in threes or in pairs, shorter, and the cones but half as large 
as in P. monophylla. (1,109.) 
PiNUS CONTORTA, Dougl. IfC. Prodr. 16. 2. 381, in part. (P. Bolanderi, 
Pari., DC, I c, 379.) A low tree, 10-30° high ; bud-scales lanceolate, acute, 
sublacerate; sheaths short; leaves in pairs, 1-2' long, numerous, rigid, erect- 
