478 
BOTANY. 
10. E. c.i:sriTOSor, Nutt. Acaulescent, the leafless scapes 1-4' high ; iiivohicres solitary. See 
page 298. 
11. E. DouGLASii, Benth. Deusely white-woolly, woody at base and vl( [>it ssfd i :r>iiiro8e with uu- 
nievous l.raiicdies and rosulate leaves, the scapelike pedimcle with a medial whoil of leaves and 1-3 
ehracteate terminal involucres ; flowers 4'' long, numurons, with hroad-ohovate lohe.s.— Washington Ter- 
ritorv, (Douglas.) 
12. E. Keli.oGII, Gray. Froc. Amcr. Acad. 8. 293. Broadly niatted-ciospitose with filiform substo- 
loniferous branches ; leaves rosnlate, 3-4" long, silky-hoary ; scape 3' high, with a medial whorl of 3-4 
leaves, and a solitary terminal involucre ; flowers fewer, yellow or pinkish, glabrous externally, 2-3" long 
on a slender stipelike base, lobes oval or obovate.— Ked IVIountain, California, (Kellogg.) 
13. E. sPH^ROCEriiALUM, Dougl. Caulescent ; branches leafy, many-flowered, with short pedicels. 
See page 299. 
* * Calyx glabrous externally, Avith a slender stipelike base. 
(((.) "Wholly glabrous, excepting the villous base of the filaments. 
14. E. ToRiiKYAMM, Gray. Leaves mostly crowded on the caudex ; stems rather stout, a span or 
more high, naked or with a single leaf in the middle, bearing a usually simple 3-4-rayed umbel subtended 
by a whorl of smaller leaves ; flowers yellow, very numerous in the 7-8-cleft involucre, 4-4i" long, with 
a short base, lobes spatula te-obovate.— Near Douuer Pass, California, (Torrey.) 
(h.) Woolly, tomentose or webby, or at length glabrate ; filaments viUous at base; involucre usually 
deeply 5-9-cleft, with spreading or rdicxcd lobes and numerous middle-sized flowers. The first 
species has the stems ascending, more or less leafy and branched ; in the rest the scapelike pedun- 
cles rise from a prostrate or decumbent caud(,'x, and are simple, leafless or with usually but a single 
whorl of lea\ cs. and bearing a simple or compound umbel, rarely reduced to a solitary involucre. 
15. E. I'Oi.Y vM iir.M, Benth. Leaves mostly verticillate, ovate or oblong, acute, white-woolly ; pe- 
duncles solitary or few and umbellate ; flowers yellow ; embryo straight.— California. 
IG. E. coAn-osn u-M, Dongl. Scape usually stout, 1^° high, naked, fistulous, with a compound many- 
rayed umbel, involucrate with linear or lanceolate bracts ; involucre about 5-cleft ; flowers whitish ; 
radical leaves oblong-ovate and cordate, densely tomentose beneath.— N. California to Washington 
Territory. 
17. E. iiERACLEOiDES, Nutt. More slender ; scape with a simple or compound umbel and usually a 
medial whorl of leaves ; flowers yellowish, on a very slender stipe ; leaves spatulate-oblong or oblanceo- 
late. See page 299. 
IS, E. UMUELLATU.M, Torr. Scape 4-12' high, naked except the verticillate bracts ; umbel simple, 
randy siibcompound, or sometimes reduced to 1-few capitate involucres ; leaves oliovate-spatulate or 
oval. See page 300. 
(c.) With the habit and inflorescence of the last species ; scapes very slender, 1-10' high, leafless, 
bearing a simple small-bracted umbel ; central involucre sessile ; flow^ers smaller and less numer- 
ous in the 5-7-toothed involucre, on a short base, subdioecious, the sterile umbel contracted and 
capitate ; tilaments pubescent at base. 
19. E. MAisiFOLir.M, T. G. Loosely ca'si)itose, with the habit of i^. umMlutum ; leaves 3-5" long, 
ovate. roiiiuliHl at base or abruptly narrowed into a longer petiole, white-tomeutose or above glabrate ; 
flowers dull-yellow or pinkish ; seed lanceolate ; cotyledons ovate-oblong, exceeding the radicle. — 
California. 
20. E. ixcAxrM, T. & G. More densely ca^spitose ; leaves very numerous, oblong or spatulate, nar- 
rowed into a petiole not exceeding the \' long blade, hoary-tomentose both sides ; flowers bright-yellow ; 
seed ovate-acuminate ; cotyledons oval-rounded, equaling the radicle. — California. 
§ 4. PSEIJDO-UMBELLATA, T. & G. Base of the flower very short, abruptly contracted ; involu- 
cres umbi led. very rarely solitary, many-flowered ; umbel leafy-bracted, terminating a naked or 
1-leaved seape ; calyx 0-parted, with obovate equal segments, whitish or only yellowish, 2-3" long; 
ovary glalirous, (u- in the first species loosely villous above the middle. Low ea?spitose perennials, 
with crowded leaves. 
21. E. PYROL^FOLiUM, Hook. Glabrate, (or villous-woolly and tomentose in Yar. C'OKYPH.i:um ;) 
leaves obovate or broad-s])atnlate, (or ovate ;) umbel 2-bracted, of 3-5 very short rays ; involucre cam- 
panulate, villous : calyx slightly villous at base. — Mt. Shasta and Washington Territory. 
22. E. A>i>ii()SACtu >r, Benth. Leaves oblanceolato or spatulate, white-woolly ))eneatb, glabrate 
above ; scape 2-3' high, rarely 1-leaved ; umbel 4-7-rayed, simple or subcapitat(?, with a whorl of linear 
bracts; involucre oblong-eampanulate, .5-tootlied ; calyx pul)escent at base; filaments nearly glabrous ; 
radicle accumbent upon the shorter rounded very eccentric cotyledons. — Eocky Mts. of British America. 
