484 
BOTANY. 
CHOEIZANTHE. 
Chiliau species omitted. 
§ 1. EUCHORIZANTHE, T. & G. Involucre tubular, 6-toothecl, 6-ribbed, usually coriaceous, the 
stout ribs terminating in a usually uncinate cusp or awn ; stamens inserted near the base of the 
6-lobed calyx; leaves never cordate, entire, at least the cauline narrow and attenuate at base. 
Annuals; Californian, with one exception. 
* Involucres in subcapitate clusters, the limb more or less white-scarious, (occasionally wholly 
herbaceous.) 
(a.) The limb, excepting the ribs, wholly petaloid-scarious, rotate-expanded, shortly 6-lobed ; stem 
erect; head dense. 
1. C. jwEMiiUANACEA, Beuth. Wcbbed-woolly ; leaves and bracts linear, with a weak mucro ; heads 
solitary or few along the somewhat simple branches ; involucre scarious above the base, the limb very 
widely dilated, the stout ribs slenderly awned. 
2. C. STELLULATA, Bonth. Eough-pubcsceut, fastigiately branched ; cauline leaves nearly linear ; 
bracts acerose, pungently awned, hirsute ; heads subcymose ; involucre-tube narrow, equally 6-ribbed, 2" 
long, 4 times longer than the abrupt white-scarious limb; the stout ribs slenderly awned ; calyx-seg- 
ments obcordately 2-lobed ; anthers oblong-linear. — Only from Hartweg. 
3. C. DouGLASii, Benth. Low, villous-pubescent ; cauline leaves spatulate or lanceolate ; bracts 
acerose, pungent ; heads usually umbellate, globose ; involucre-tube unequally angled, 2-3 times longer 
than the short abrupt white or pinkish limb and the subulate unequal awns ; calyx-lobes truncate, sub- 
crenulate ; anthers linear-oblong. 
(h.) Limb 5-parted, the segments scarious on the margin or wholly; stems lax, branched from the 
base, often diffuse ; pubescence more or less villous ; heads mostly irregularly panicled ; bracts 
awned or pungent, the uppermost awn-like. A few solitary involucres often have the teeth wholly 
herbaceous. 
4. C. DIFFUSA, Benth. Slightly pilose, slender; leaves mostly radical, spatulate or oblong-ovate; 
clusters small, rather loose ; involucre 1" long or less, the ovate teeth scarious excepting the midribs, 
1 or 2 of the vinequal awns equaling the tube ; anthers oval. 
5. C. PUNGENS, Benth. Softly hirsute-villous, the stems mostly spreading, branched, and leafy 
below ; leaves spatulate or stiblanceolate ; clusters irregular ; involucre 1^-2^" long, the unequal ovate 
or ovate-subulate teeth herbaceous at base, more or less scarious-margined, the larger teeth and bracts 
longer awned ; anthers oblong. 
• * Only the sinuses of the involucre scarious, the teeth wholly herbaceous or coriaceous, often 
horn-shaped; involucres in crowded cymelets or clusters, (in C. hredcanm loosely panicled,) those 
in the forks solitary ; stamens 9, in the last two species but 3. 
(«.) Calyx-sogineuts pectinate-fimbriate below the apex; erect; leaves all radical, spatulate and 
ova} ; peduncle naked, cymose with repeatedly di-trichotomous divisions; bracts acerose-subulate ; 
llowt'is .sessile in the involucre. 
6. C. LACixtATA, Torr. Dwarf, subvillous, many-flowered ; teeth of the involucre subulate-awned, 
nearly equal, 2-4 times shorter than the tube ; calyx twice exceeding the involucre, segments triangu- 
lar-Iuu( iM)!atc, long and densely fimbriate, tailed at the apex.— Found only by Antisell. 
7. C. FiMRHiATA, Nutt. Low, subvillous or nearly glabrous; the stout subulate awned teeth a little 
shorter Thau tlie involucre-tube; calyx less exserted, the segments irregularly lacerate-fimbriate below 
the oblong obtuse apex. 
(b.) Segments of the calyx entire or only cronulate at the apex; stems somewhat naked. 
(.'. STATicoiDES, Beuth. Erect, 2-12' high ; leaves mostly radical, spatulate, oblong or rounded, 
hirsutish, subtomeutose beneath; cyme loosely corymbose; involucral teeth subulate, shortly awned, 
unequal, the larger 2-3 times shorter than the narrow tube. 
9. C. rnoct Miu:xs. Nutt. Depressed and diffuse, sul)liirsut(} ; leaves spatulate ; cymelets irregularly 
panicled; teeth horn-shaped, subulate-awned and usually uutiuate, the 2-4 larger ones a little shorter 
than the (1" long) tube. 
10. C. UNURLSTATA, T. & G. Diffuse, with a soft grayish pubescence; leaves spatulate, pilose- 
pubescent ben.ath; cymelets rather loose; bracts awned; teeth horn-sluiped, one terminated with a 
stout straight awn longer than the short-oblong tube, the rest short- cuspidate. (Brewer.) 
11. C. BKEVicoRXU, Torr. Leaves linear or obovate-spatulate; involucres narrow, prismatic, mostly 
scattered; teeth subequal, recurved ; calyx-lobes entire. See page 312 
