492 
BOTANY. 
the branchlets secuntT, spreading or recurved ; sepals not 2" long, usually liglit-colored, lanceolate, acute, 
equal, or the outer sixhulate ones a little longer ; stamens half-shorter, the anthers equal to the filaments ; 
style short ; capsule subglohose, mucronate ; seeds i" long, numerous, ovato, olttusc, obliquely apicu- 
late. — California. 
11. J. FiLiFORMis, L. Very slender ; panicle almost simple ; sepals exceeding the broadly ovate 
obtuse short-pointed greenish capsule. See page 37)0. Also found in S. Greenhiud. 
12. J. Smithii, Eng. Panicle nearly simple ; sepals brown, equal, the inner obtuse, a little shorter 
than the acute and pointed deep-brown capsule ; seeds few, large, short-appendaged.— Pennsylvania. 
(3''.) Sheaths leaf-bearing. 
13. J. SKTACEUS, Eostk. Panicle few-flowered ; sepals smooth and s^liiiiing ; capsule globose, beaked ; 
seeds subglohose, coarsely lined. — N. Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 
(b.) Flowers few, the panicle scarcely ever compound ; stamens G. Arctic or subalpiue. 
(1.) Seeds only apiculate. 
14. J. AncTici'S, Willd. Eootstock creeping ; sheaths leafless ; scape terete; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 
acute, shorter than the elliptical triangular mucronate capsule ; seeds obovate, oblique, obtuse. — Europe ; 
Asia; Greenland. Vnr. Sitciiensis, Eng. Spathe elongattnl ; sepals longer, nearly equal ; capsule tur- 
binate-jiyriform ; sc( <l.s very few. — Sitka and northward on the coast ; Kamchatka. 
(2.) Seeds caudate. 
15. J. Dkummoxdii, E. Mey. Sheaths leatiess, bristle-pointed ; tiowers 1-3, 3" long; seeds long, 
e<iualing or shorter than the appendage. See page 356. 
10. J. Hallii, Eng. Scapes (3-12' high, terete, filiform, much longer tliau the terete bristleform (2-5" 
long) leaves; spathe scarcely exceediug the close subsimple 2-5-llowcr('d i)auirle; sepals 2" long, lanceo- 
late, acute, white-margined, tlie outer a little longer, and twice longer than the stamens; anthers nearly 
equaling the Jihinu'ut ; stigmas subsessile, equaling the ovate ovary; capsule ovate, angled, retuse, 
scarcely exserted ; seeds oblong-linear, striate-reticulate, I" long, the tail but half as long. — Colorado. 
17. J. Pakryi, Eng. A span high; sheaths leafy ; panicle l-3-lh)wered ; outer sepals bristle-pointed, 
about 3" long ; capsule acute ; seed and appendage 1" long. See page 357. 
§ 2. GKAMINIFOLII. Stems naked or leafy ; leaves flat, or semi-terete and channeled, or rarely 
Kubterete, never knotted. 
* Alpine; seeds few, large, Ciuulate ; leaves fistulous ; stamens 6. 
(a.) Flowers few. 
18. J. TiUFiuus, L. Low, tufted; leaves 2-3 at the snmniit, threadlike ; tiowers 1-4, sessile; sepals 
brown, 2" loQg or less, acute ; capsule ovate, beaked ; seeds 1" long, angled. — Greenland ; Newfoundland ; 
mountains of N. England and Northern New York. 
11*. .1. HHa i'Mis, L. Leaves deeply grooved below, nearly terete or slightly llatteued u))ward; head 
2- (lowered, oae flower \tedieelled, usually shorter than the spathe; capsule turbinate, retuse, exceeding 
the olituse sepals : seeds ovate-oblong, i" long, a little exceeding the appendage. — N. Europe and Asia; 
Greenland ; Arctic Coast to Behring Strait and in the subarctic Rocky Mts. 
(6.) Flowers in small heads. 
20. ,J. TiaGLi'Mis, L. Leaves rouudisli, chauneled aiul 2-3-tnbular below, flattened upward; sheaths 
aurieled at to]> : head 3-fl()wereil, e(iualiug the menibrauous spatlie; ca])sule elliptical, acute, exceeding 
the obtuse si]iai.-~ ; seeds long, with longer appeiulages. — Europe; Asia; Greenland; Arctic Coast and 
in the K'oeky Mts. io Cnlonido. 
21. .1. -lAOirs. L. With l-'.*> threadlike leaves below; lit^ads 1-2, of 3-4 flowers; tilameuts nuiny 
times exeec'diiii;- the ;u\tUer: stiguias recurved; capsule exsert(;d ; seeds 1.^" long. — N. W. New York to 
Nj'wfoundlauil : Lake Superior. 
22. J. CA.sTANKUS, Sm. Stem leafy; leaves terete, (hi'ply fhaniuled at base; heads somewhat in 
pairs, ses.sile or pedimcled, shorter tlian the rather lar-e spiiiUe ; se]M>ls 3 ' huig or luor*', eiiualing tiie 
stamens, shorter tliati the oval-triaugular ratiu r hiuj;-ie.uerouate eapsule: uuthevs pointed, half as long 
as the lilauK nts : stiiiuias e.\>ert ; style .short; seeds oldoug, I h>ug, the tail twice luuger. — Europe; 
.Vsia : (ireeuhnul: and froui Arctic America to the S:i>k;it( licwau, Colorado and \Vashiugtou Territory ; 
New t'oundland. 
* * Flowers solitary, paiueled : siaiuen>(). 
(a.) Stems slender, simple, tufted, leafy lielow ; root perennial. 
(1.) Seeds caudate. 
23. .1. Va--i:\i. Euti. Leav. s slightly channeled at base : panicle light-cohued, loose, few-flowered ; 
capsule ovate, retuse ; seeds sleiuler, consi)icuously caudate at both ends. — Jlichigau to the Saskatchewan 
and Rocky Mts. ; Colorado. 
