AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 393 
Sclerotia—continued. 
several are formed on living plants. Among these are 
the following: In Potato stems, the Sclerotium from 
Peziza postuma is produced yon most herbaceous stems 
S. durum appears in long, black ridges or warts, from 
which arises a mould (Polyactis cinerea), followed, after 
a time, by Peziza Fuckeliana; 8. cepevorum, which 
produces Mucor subtilissimus on Onions; S. cluvus, the 
Ergot of grasses, from which Claviceps purpurea is 
developed; and a Sclerotium which fills the berries 
of Vaccinium Myrtillus, and gives origin to Peziza 
(Sclerotinia) baccarum. Sclerotia are not themselves a 
cause of disease in plants, but are organs by which 
disease-producing Fungi are propagated. When any 
cultivated plants are attacked by Fungi that produce 
Sclerotia, the only safe method of treatment is to burn 
all parts that bear the latter, to prevent the spread of 
disease the following year. 
see). 
SCOBIFORM. Resembling sawdust. 
SCOLIOSORUS. Included under Antrophyum. 
SCOLOCHLOA. A synonym of Arundo.. 
Scolopendrium—continued. 
pairs of similar lateral ones; veins usually once forked. sori 
oblique, }in. to Zin. long, one line broad. Philippines. Green- 
ouse. 
S.. zophyllum (rooting - fronded): sti. lin. to 4in. long, 
n compr , chestnut-brown below. fronds 4in. to Qin. 
long, lanceola an auricled cordate base, the point tapering 
out, and frequ y rooting. sori short, irregular, linear-oblong. 
North America. See Fig. 452. ` 
S. vulgare (common). Burnt Weed; Christ’s Hair; Common 
Hartstongue. rhiz. very stout, often scaly (as well as the stipes 
and midrib). sti. very stout, 4in. to 8in. long. fronds 6in. to 
18in. long, broadest in the middle, flaccid, bright green; basal 
lobes usually auricled, converging ; margins undulated; midrib 
stout. sori parallel, at right angles to the midrib, very variable 
in length and number. Europe (Britain). Syn. S. ofictnarum. 
The following are some of the best marked varieties of this 
species : : 
S. v. acrocladon panch P fronds very distinct, 
ow-linear, crested and branched at the apex. 
S. v. claphamii (Clapham). „fronds forked and crested at the 
~~ apex, laciniate and lobed on the margins, 
SCLEROXYLON. A synonym of Myrsine g“ l 
S. v. columnare (columnar). fr having the rachis fringed 
with a narrow, wing-like m ran°, leaving only a dense, 
multifid head. h. 6in. 
A gene oe (Cooling’s), A form about 4in. broad and high, 
much branched. The plant is almost spherical in shape. 
S. v. reyes nean (curled). fronds lft. to 14ft. long, always barren 
nder cultivation ; margins crenated and undulated, imparting a 
BY 
Fic. 452. ROOTING FROND O 
SCOLOPENDRIUM (the ancient Greek name of 
the genus, used by Theophrastus; it was said to be so- 
called because the numerous parallel lines of fruit 
resemble the feet of the Centipede, or Scolopendra). 
Hartstongue. Including Antigramme, Camptosorus, and 
Schaffneria. ORD. Filices. A genus comprising about 
nine species of interesting, stove, greenhouse, or hardy 
ferns, inhabiting temperate and tropical regions. Sori 
attached to the veins, oblique with regard to the midrib, 
or occasionally almost parallel with it, linear or oblong; 
involucres arranged in pairs, and open towards each other. 
The species thrive on rockwork; they will also succeed 
in shady situations, where scarcely any other plant would 
live. Of S. vulgare, the common British Hartstongue, a 
multitude of varieties are grown in gardens, and present 
a wonderful series of interesting variations from the 
normal state of the plant. The best known species and 
varieties are described below; except where otherwise 
indicated, all are hardy. For general culture, see Ferns. 
S. Hemionitis (Hemionites-like). Mule’s Fern. sti. 4in. to 6in. 
long, slender, slightly fibrillose. fronds 4in. to 6in. long, oblong- 
lanceolate, hastate-cordate at base, with short and rounded, or 
_ prominent and almost acute, lobes. South Europe, 1779. 
S. Krebsii (Krebs’). A form of Lomaria punctulata. 
S. officinarum (officinal). A synonym of S. vulgare. 
pinnatum (pinnate). sti. compressed, greyish. fronds 2ft. to 
4ft. long, with an entire terminal pinna, 4in. to 6in. long, and 
iżin. to 2in. broad, proliferous at the point, and one to six 
Vol. IIL 
LOPENDRIUM RHIZOPHYLLUM. 
handsome, frilled appearance. There are many forms of this 
variety, the most important of which are: fertile, latum, and 
minus. 
Ss. v. tum (crested). fronds branched at ey Se 
crista x, the 
branches again forked, thus forming a large crest. 453. 
Fic. 453. SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE CRISTATUM. 
The form lato-digitatum has digitately-branched fronds, and 
irregularly-laciniate and wavy divisions. See Fig. 454. 
SE 
