464 
THE DICTIONARY 
OF GARDENING, 
Spadix—continued. 
pits, less often only sessile on its surface. The inflores- 
cence, before the flowers open, is almost always entirely 
inclosed in one or more spathes, growing from the 
peduncle (e.g., Arwm, see Fig. 507); but in a few Palms 
(e.g., Calamus and its allies) there are numerous spathellze 
or small spathes, inclosing only groups of flowers. Rarely 
(e.g. Acorus), the Spadix is not inclosed in either spathes 
or spathellæ. The Spadix is usually unbranched (An- 
thurium, see Fig. 508, Calla, and some Palms), but in 
the Palms it is frequently branched (see Palme). In 
the family Aroidew (Aracew), and in most genera of 
Palms, the flowers on the Spadices are individually male 
or female, but both sexes may occur on the same 
Spadix, or may be restricted to separate Spadices, or 
even to separate plants. In certain Palms, hermaphro- 
dite flowers are produced, sometimes along with male 
or female flowers. Briefly, a Spadix may be defined as 
a more or less fleshy spike, usually inclosed, before 
flowering, in one or more spathes, and bearing unisexual 
flowers; but no exact definition of the term can be con- 
sistently adhered to. 
SPADOSTYLES. Included under Pultenea 
(which see). 
SPAN. In length, about 9in. The term refers to 
the space between the tips of the thumb and little 
finger when spread out. . 
SPANISH BLUEBELL or SQUILL. See Scilla 
hispanica. 
SPANISH BROOM. See Spartium junceum, 
SPANISH CHESTNUT. Sec Castanea sativa. 
SPANISH JUICE PLANT. A common name for 
Glycyrrhiza glabra. a 
SPANISH OYSTER PLANT. ‘See Scolymus 
SPARAXIS (from sparasso, to tear; alluding to the 
lacerated spathes). Orp. Iridew. A genus comprising 
(according to the authors of the “Genera Plantarum”) 
five species of pretty, greenhouse, bulbous plants, natives 
of South Africa. Flowers one to a spathe, sessile, rather 
large ; perianth yellow, with a short tube and six erecto- 
patent lobes; stamens affixed near the base of the 
throat; bracts much narrower than the spathe, bidentate ; 
spathes few, scattered, sometimes solitary, broad, scarious, 
striated or often marked with brown lines, fimbriate- 
toothed at apex. Leaves few, flat, ensiform or broadly 
linear, erect or faleate. Stem simple or slightly branched. 
The best species and varieties are described below. 
They require precisely similar treatment to that recom- 
mended for Ixia (to which this genus is allied). 
S. bulbifera sag maig a ra to five, alternate, distant ; 
poms yellow, funnel- the segments ovate-oblong, lin. 
g; the valves striped at apex; scape simple or 
branched, leafy, lft. to 2ft. high. "a l. lanceolate-ensiform, 
ms, acute, . 1758. 
disticho five lines broad Syn. Ixia bulbifera 
(A. B. R. 48 ; B. M. 545). 
S. grandifiora 
th , 
Bual, tly 
three to five, alternate ; 
the segments 
S. g. Liliago (Liliago). /l., perianth white, 2in. deep; spathe 
‘whitish, nd ae ll Sey the tube. l. ier virlaksa, 
shorter than the stem. (B. R. 258.) 
S. g. lineata (red-lined). /., perianth throat yellow; segments 
ger ay marked with a red line, more or less tinged with 
, yellow at base, having a brown mark near the middle, 
the upper nn white ; scapes two to four-flowered, 1. Sin. to 8in. 
long. (S. B. F. G. ser. ii. 131, under name of S, lineata.) 
S. g. stellaris (star-like). /., perianth rich purple, rather paler 
P Taen ps tube short, alice. exserted ; mouth within ia a 
deeper and surrounded by a broad, irregular, starry, white 
band. l. erect, . & B. ae tak & D3, nader Laie of 
S. stellaris.) : 
S. pendula (pendulous).* fi. lilac, veiny, secund, sessile, within 
‘somewhat lacerated spathés ; perianth segments oblong, obtuse, 
(tenia atten reer 
Sparaxis—cortinued. 
spreading ; spikes on capillary peduncles, one-sided, six or seven- 
owered, pendulous, with two capillary leaves at the base of each 
peduncle ; scapes erect 4ft. high, pendulous at the end, branched. 
June. l. linear, acute, straight, shorter than the scapes. 1825. 
(B. R. 1360.) This species is now regarded by Mr. Baker as 
belonging to Dierama, and its proper name is D. pendula. 
S. pulcherrima (very pretty). fl. pendulous; perianth dark 
sanguineous-purple, equal, 14in. long, campanulate ; bracts at the 
base of the branches 14in. long ; scape attaining 6ft. in its native 
habitat, the branches remote, capillary, šin. to 6in. long. October. 
l. narrow-ensiform, rather thick, about šin, broad, gradually 
narrowed from below the middle to a very slender apex. 1865, 
(B. M. 5555; F. d. S. 1810.) Dierama pulcherrima is now the 
correct name of this species. 
S. tricolor (three-coloured).* fl. three to six, alternate, distant, 
distichous-spicate ; perianth orange, yellow in the throat, the 
segments oblong, lin. long, with a triangular, black spot in the 
middle ; spathe valves equal, fuscous-spotted, lacerate-cuspidate ; 
scape lft. to 2ft. high, erect, simple, leafy. May. l. lanceolate- 
ensiform, erect, distichous, acute, striated, four lines broad. 1789. 
(B. M. 1482.) Syn. Ivia tridolor (B. M. 381). 
S. t. blanda (charming). fl., perianth segments of a whitish 
ground-colour, flushed with rose, the throat being yellowish. 
Syn. S. t. subroseo-albida (B. M. 1482). 
S. t. Griffinii (Griffin’s). /l., throat yellow, with a dark blotch 
between the throat and the violet-purple upper portion of the 
segments. SYN. S. t. violaceo-purpurea (B. M. 1482). 
S. t. versicolor (various-coloured). fl., perianth segments bright 
poe with lighter margins, more or less clouded or diluted, 
ving near the base a dark mark, below which they are bright 
yellow ; spathe striped with brown and purple. (S. B. F. G. 160, 
under name of S. versicolor.) 
VARIETIES. The following list comprises the most 
desirable garden varieties : 
ANGELIQUE, white, yellow centre; DELICATA, light yellow, centre 
spotted brown; GARIBALDI, rich crimson, yellow centre; 
JOSEPHINE, white, with yellow centre; LADY CAREY, French 
white, blotched purple; LEOPARD, primrose, yellow centre; 
MACULATA, white, purple, and primrose ; NAIN, white and crim- 
son, primrose centre ; TRICOLOR ALBA, white, black, and yellow; 
TRICOLOR GRANDIFLORA, rich crimson; VICTOR EMMANUEL, 
red and yellow. 
SPARGANIUM (an old Greek name used by Dios- 
corides, probably for Butomus, and derived from 
sparganon, a band; alluding to the form of the leaves). 
Bur Reed. ORD. Typhacee. A small genus (less than 
a dozen species) of marsh or aquatic herbs, inhabiting 
North temperate regions and Australia. Five species are 
natives of Britain, but none are of any horticultural 
value. The stems of 8. ramosum (Bede Sedge) have 
been used for making pepper. 
Fig. 509. FLOWERING BRANCH OF SPARMANNIA AFRICANA. 
