AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 489 
Stapelia— continued. 
purple hairs. July. Branches quadrangular, pubescent. 
old garden plant. 
~ S. mutabilis (changeable). jl., corolla greenish-yellow, with 
numerous transverse, purple stripes, ciliated with red, clavate, 
tremulous hairs; inner branch of the inner corona clavate; 
ligule three-toothed ; peduncles usually in twos or threes. June 
and July. Branches erect, tetragonal, narrow, with erect, obtuse 
teeth. h. 6in. 25 
»S. namaquensis (Namaqualand).* j. large; corolla bright 
yellow, with crowded and more or less confluent, dark purplish- 
brown spots ; lobes much wrinkled, not fringed ; outer coronal 
lobes entire, acute. Branches thick, glabrous, beautifully 
mottled. A. din. to 4in, 1883. One of the handsomest species. 
= S. n. tridentata (three-toothed). fl. having the corolla lobes 
fringed with short hairs, and the outer coronal lobes truncately 
three-toothed at apex. 
=S. normalis (normal). f., corolla much spreading, 2in. or more 
in diameter; segments yellow, with transverse stripes and spots 
of dark blood-colour, ovate, acute, outwardly of a pale sulphur- 
colour, lined; peduncles solitary, one-flowered, much spreading. 
July and August. Branches many, declinate or ascending, - 
brous, tetragonal, with much-spreading teeth. h. 6in. 1821. 
(B. R. 755 ; B. M. 1676, under name of S. bufonis,) 
S, olivacea (olive-coloured). fl. very fcetid, two to six from the 
bases of the younger branches; corolla dull green and puberu- 
lous outside, glabrous within, with numerous crowded, brown, 
transverse rugæ on a dark olive-green or sometimes pale olive 
ground, about ldin. in diameter; coronal scales dark purple- 
brown ; peduncles two to three lines long. September. Stems 
erect, rather slender, branching at base, minutely puberulous, 
3in. to Sin. high, gin. to żin, thick, with rounded edges, becoming 
blotched with purple on full exposure to the sun. 1874. (B. M. 
6212; G. C. n. s., ili. p. 137.) SYN. S. eruciformis (of gardens). 
—S. orbicularis (orbicular). fl., corolla pale yellow, having ap- 
proximate, brownish lines on the segments, much spreading ; 
segments cordate, recurved at apex, acuminate, striate-wrinkled ; 
orb yellow, dotted with brown, tumid ; peduncles near the base 
of the branchlets, solitary, one-flowered. July to November. 
Branches many, erecto-patent, tetragonal, with mucronulate 
teeth. A. 6in. 1799. (A.B. R. 439; F. d. S.1281; L. B. C. 811.) 
S. patentirostris (spreading-beaked). fl. one to three together, 
on pedicels lżin. long ; corolla 24in. to 34in. in diameter, the face 
wrinkled, rich dark purple-brown, with numerous transverse, 
yo ora lines on the basal part of the lanceolate, acuminate 
obes, the centre densely villous with rich purplish-red hairs, 
the lobes fringed with long, pale purple hairs; ligulæ linear- 
lanceolate, obtuse, with a central tooth; wings linear-oblong, 
horizontal; rostra subulate, horizontally recurved over th 
wings, reaching nearly to the sinuses of the corolla. Autumn. 
Stems rather slender, puberulous, toothed. k. 6in. 1870. Also 
cultivated under the name of S. Courcelli. (G. C. n. s., Vii. 
p. 140; B. M. 5963, under name of S. sororia.) 
S. pedunculata (long-peduncled). A synonym of S. levis. 
«8S. picta (painted). l 
spotted with dark d-colour ; segments ovate, acuminate, 
wrinkled ; orb elevated, much wrinkled, depressed in the middle ; 
peduncles from the base of the branchlets, solitary, one-flowered. 
June to September. Branches simple, erect, tetragonal or quadri- 
sulcate, slightly torulose. h. 6in. 1799. 
= §. planifiora (fat-fowered). #., corolla much spreading, half- 
quinquefid; segments pale sulphur-coloured, lined and spotted 
with dark purple, ovate, acuminate, transversely wrinkled : 
peduncles from the axils of the younger branchlets, solitary 
or twin, one-flowered. July to November. Branches many, 
branched, ascending or nearly erect, paro sulcate-tetragonal, 
with much-spreading teeth. 1805. (L. B. C. 191.) 
S. Plantii (Plant’s). fl. on stout, pubescent peduncles ; corolla 
Sin. in diameter, villous round the throat ; lobes purplish-brown 
in the centre, and there transversely barred with wavy, yellow 
bands, broadly black-purple at apex and on the margins, lin. to 
lsin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, ciliated with long hairs. November. 
Stem stout, creeping ; branches aioe i Sin. to Sin. long, erect, 
columnar or sub-clavate, with four thick, remotely-toothed wings. 
1866. (B. M. 5692; F. d. S. 2012: 
S. pulvinata (cushion-flowered). fl., corolla deep violet, large, 
flat, elevated and very villous at the bottom ; segments variegated 
with whitish, transverse wrinkles, fuscous and concave at the 
apex, rufous beneath, roundish, abruptly acuminate, ciliated ; 
podeneles mostly solitary, terete, from the axils of the branchlets. 
une to Nosenber Branches and branchlets many, reclinate, 
with erect, green teeth. 1795. A very elegant species. (B. M. 
1240; L. B. C. 206.) k 
S. revoluta (revolute-fiowered). fl. sub-solitary, on very short 
duncles ; S x segments acute; corolla red, with whitish 
lotches, smooth, very fleshy, the segments revolute, with fringed 
margins. July. Branches tetragonal, erect, denticulated, the 
sides hollowed out. 1801. (B. M. 724.) 
S. rufa (rufous). fl., corolla glabrous; segments of an obscure 
violet, ye osaa with deep purple or pale red, transverse 
stripes, having the bottom stellate, rufous, and variegated, the 
margins ciliated with dark violet hairs; peduncles two or three 
together, short, purplish. June to November. Branches erect, 
Vol. III. 
An 
fe corolla sulphur-coloured, marbled and 
00! 
| fr., capsule with two 
Stapelia—continued. 
tetragonal, with small, erect, obtuse teeth. h. 3in. to 6in. 1795. 
(L. B. C. 239.) 
S. Simsii (Sims’). f., corolla ample, flat, glabrous; segments 
dark violet, with slender, whitish lines about the throat, without 
greenish or obscurely tinged with violet, ovate, acuminate, five- 
nerved ; peduncles erect, at the tips of the branchlets. May to 
November. Branches glabrous, the angles obsoletely nippled, 
toothed; teeth having a green, deciduous acumen. h. din. to 6in. 
1800. (B. M. 1234, under name of S. vetula.) 
S. sororia (sisterly).* fl. 3in. to 44in. in diameter ; corolla clothed 
with long hairs; lobes dark vinous-purple, ovate, acuminate, 
transversely wrinkled, the folds towards the base bright orange- 
yellow ; processes of the column deep purple ; peduncles solitary 
or twin, din. to in. long. July. Stems 6in. to 10in. high, with 
erect or horizontal branches 4in. to Zin. in diameter, the angles 
toothed at intervals of 4in. to ĝin., the teeth soft and incurved. 
1797. Plant pale green, glabrous, variable in size. (L. B. C. 94.) 
S. spectabilis (showy). j., corolla large, flat; segments ovate- 
lanceolate, farelihed from the base behind the middle with 
dense, red hairs, and having pale stripes on the upper surface, 
with black vipa November to January. Branches quadrangular, 
clavate, toothed on the angles, the teeth remote, incurved 
whitish. A. lft. 1802. (B.M. 585, under name of S. grandiflora.) 
S. stricta (straight). f., segments of corolla purple, with pale 
greenish margins, ovate, acuminate, gary flat, glabrous, not 
ciliated ; peduncles growing from the base of the branches. June 
to November. Branches tet l th, simple, straight. 
h. 3in. 1814. (B. M. 2037.) : 
S. tsomoensis (Tsomo River). fl., calyx lobes }in. long; corolla 
3in. in diameter, the face entirely dull smoky-purple, darker 
at the tips of the lobes, or with some of the ri 
or be sere the disk and base of the lobes covered with 
purple irs; lobes ovate-lanceolate; outer coronal ents 
purplish-black ; pedicels Zin. to lin. long; cymes sub-sessile, four 
to nine-flowered. Summer. Stems 4in. to 6in. oe tive to eight 
lines thick, the angles compressed, repand-toothed, very minutely 
puberulous. 1882. 
S. un (claw-petaled). fl. 4in. to 4}in. in diameter ; 
ae ee purple-brown, marked two-thirds the way up the 
lobes with transverse, yellowish lines, the centre of the disk and 
tive bands radiating to the sinuses, pale greenish-ochre; lobes 
lanceolate-attenuate, incurved-hooked at apex, fringed with long, 
pale purplish hairs, and the disk covered with long, silky, 
purplish-red hairs, the rest glabrous; ligule lanceolate, acute, 
and, as well as the free, ag me | wings and the recurving 
rostra, dark purple-brown. A. 6in. 1877. Allied to S. patenti- 
rostris. (G. C. n. S., vii. p. 335. 
=S., variegata (variegated). A synonym of S. Curtisii. 
S. vetula (oldish). A synonym of S. Simsii. 
STAPHIDIASTRUM. A synonym of Sagrea 
(which see). eo 
STAPHIDIUM (in part). Synonymous with Clidemia. 
STAPHYLEA (from staphyle, a cluster; alluding to 
the disposition of the flowers and fruits). Bladder-nut 
Tree. Syn. Bumalda. ORD. Sapindacee. A small 
genus (five species) of hardy, branched shrubs, natives 
of Europe, the Himalayas, Japan, and North America. 
Flowers white, erect or pendulous, in ra- 
cemes or panicles; sepals five, equal, deciduous; petals 
five, erect, about as long as the calyx, imbricated; — 
stamens five; pedicels bracteate, articulated. Capsule - 
membranous, bladder-like. Leaves opposite, stipulate, j 
three to five-foliolate or pinnate; leaflets involute. in 
yernation, stipellate. The under-mentioned species 
thrive in ordinary soil. 8. colchica is an excellent 
subject for forcing, when specially prepared for the 
purpose. Propagation may be effected, in autumn, by 
suckers, by layers, or by cuttings. 
. Bolanderi (Bolander’s). jl., sepals three lines long ; petals a 
<4 little longer ; style and stamens much exserted. /., leaflets three, 
labrous, broadly oval or orbicular, abruptly acute, serrulate. 
alifornia, 1883. 
Bumalda (Bumalda). fl., styles villous. June to August. 
E ‘ a) i trifoliolate ; leaflets me S 
acuminate, rather scabrous ; serratures awned, protruding from 
the recesses of the crenæ. A. 6ft. Japan, 1812. (S. Z. F. J. 95.) 
colchica (Colchican).* f. seven to eight lines long ; sepals and 
geen pee thulate, the former spreading ; raceme terminal, 
erect or slightly nodding, compound, ovate, corymbose. Summer. 
1. ternate and pinnately five-foliolate, 4in. to in. long; leaflets 
approximate, ovate-oblong, acuminated, serrulated, puberulous 
towards the base beneath. h. 3ft. to5ft. Caucasus. See Fig. 523. 
(G. C. n. s., xi. 117 ; R. G. 837; R. H. 1870, 257.) 
(pinnate).* Job’s Tears; St. Anthony’s Nut. f. in 
May and June. r., nuts globose, white, pistachio- 
3 R 
D 3 
. 
racemes, 
