502 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
 Steudnera—continued. i 
very shortly convolute at base, ovate-lanceolate, at lengt 
reflexed above the middle, marcescent; spadix much 
shorter than the spathe, part-of the back female flowers 
adnate ; peduncle short. Leaves long-petiolate, peltate, 
ovate-oblong, emarginate at base. Caudex thick, elon- 
gated, ascending, membranous-sheathed. 8S. colocasie- 
folia and its variety are the only members of this genus 
yet introduced. These thrive in a soil composed of rich, 
sandy loam, leaf mould, and bits of broken charcoal, well 
mixed and drained. A moist atmosphere is desirable, 
and a resting period necessary. Propagation may be 
effected by suckers, by cuttings, or by division of the 
rootstock, 
S. colocasizfolia (Colocasia-leaved). fl., spathe yellowish, 
more or less dark purple within, becoming recurved so as to 
expose the spadix, which is whitish, one-third as long as the 
spathe, and erect. .1. of an obscure green above, paler beneath ; 
oles sometimes of a somewhat violet colour. Stems short, 
ick, fleshy. 1869. (I. H. n. s. 90; R. G, 633.) 
S. c. discolor (two-coloured). fl., spathe yellow on both sur- 
faces, the base reddish-purple. l. marked between the primary 
veins above with a series of broad, brownish-purple blotches. 
pen eae M. 6076 and F. d. S. 2201, under name of 
; olia. 
STEVENIA. Included under Arabis. 
STEVENSONIA (named after Stevenson, formerly 
Governor of the Island of Mauritius and its dependencies). 
Syn. Phænicophorium. ORD. Palme. A monotypic genus. 
The species is a noble, stove Palm. It thrives in a hot, 
moisture-laden atmosphere, and suffers if the temperature 
falls too low, or the air becomes dry. The mixture best 
adapted for it is a well-drained, fibrous peat, with pieces 
of charcoal and turfy .loam and sand intermixed. Pro- 
pagated by means of imported seeds. 
S. grandifolia (large-leaved).* fl., lower spathes 1}{t. long, the 
upper ones club-shaped, smooth, 2ft. to 3)ft. long; spadix 3ft. 
to 6ft. long; regres a g to 3ft. long, compressed at base. 
Jr orange-red, šin. to ĝin. long. l. cuneate-obovate, bifid, oblique 
at base, deeply laciniated down the side, with incised segments ; 
petioles Sin. to 18in. long, glabrous, pale green, convex below; 
sheaths 2ft. to 3ft. long, h Stem very spiny 
Rite watdlncen, pranon ag Dertignponun ia a: pit 
m Ti m num ani . pict 
(all of gardens), Phoenicophorium sechellarum (1. H. 438). 
STEVIA (named after Peter James Esteve, M.D., 
_ Professor of Botany at Valencia, in the sixteenth century). 
ORD. Composite. A genus of stove, greenhouse, or 
hardy herbs or sub-shrubs, rarely diffuse. More than 
100 species have been described by various authors, but the 
number may be reduced; they inhabit the warmer parts 
of America. Flower-heads white or purplislt, paniculate 
or corymbose; involucre cylindrical ; bracts five or six; 
receptacle flat, naked; florets five, equal, regular, five- 
cleft, tubular; achenes narrow ; pappus palez or bristles 
two or many. _Leaves opposite, or the upper ones alter- 
nate, often triple-nerved and serrated, sometimes tri- 
sected or entire. The under-mentioned species are rather 
pretty, perennial herbs, and, except where otherwise stated, 
all succeed in the open flower-border, in summer. The 
protection of a frame is necessary in severe weather. 
Propagation may be effected by seeds, by cuttings, or by 
divisions, 
S. breviaristata (short-awned). f.-heads of ti č 
colour, apoa in a dense man e florets with. brer En 
a limb of five spreading segments ; pappus of three rather strong, 
rigid crowns, short. July. J. opposite, nearly glabrous, coarsely 
serrated, attenuated, but not petiolate ; upper ones lanceolate. 
Branches downy. h. 2ft. to 3ft. Tucuman, 1836. Stove. 
Pah M. 3792.) 
Eupatoria (Hemp Agrimony-like). f.-heads in fastigi 
rather loose corymbs ; florets white, flesh-coloured in prey oy 
twice as long as the involucre. August. J. lanceolate, somewhat 
Parveen Into Sre three-nerved, the upper ones obso- 
S pe Ble a . lft. Mexico, 1826. (B. M. 1849.) Syn. 
rs en oe A synonym of S. rhombifolia. 
hyssopifolia (Hyssop-leaved). A synonym of S. i 
> - paniculata. 
i reat wn A synonym of S. serrata. 
ovata (ovate-leaved). .-heads white, in rath 
tigiate corymbs. August, 1. ovate, scrated, Gancate ce tear 
, Scaly, and spiny. 
Stevia—continued. 
entire ; upper ones oblong, sub-entire. Stem erect, paniculate. 
h, 2ft. Mexico, 1816. 
paniculata (paniculate). /.-heads white, the tubes of the ray 
florets, which are longer than the involucre, purplish ; peduncles 
slightly branched, three or four-headed, corymbose. August. 
l., lowest ones opposite, ovate; upper ones alternate, ovate- 
oblong, serrated, cuneate at base, entire, the uppermost ones 
linear-lanceolate. Stem erect, shortly pubescent, paniculate. 
h. 14ft. Mexico, 1824. (B. M. 1861, under name of S. hyssopi- 
folia.) 
S. ta (pedate-leaved). f.-heads loosely corymbose; in- 
volucre purplish ; florets white, all tubular ; anthers dark purple, 
July to September. l. alternate, pedate, generally seven-cleft ; 
leaflets linear, quite entire, with revolute gi aap petioles 
channelled, trifid. Stem erect, branched towards the top. A. lit. 
Mexico, 1803. (B. M. 2040.) The correct name of this plant is 
Florestina pedata. 
S. pubescens (downy). /f.-heads purple; involucre pubescent ; 
pores paleaceous; corymbs fastigiate, rather dense. August. 
., lower ones opposite, sub-spathulate, toothed at apex, at- 
tenuated into the petioles ; Toper ones scattered, linear, sub- 
entire. Stem simple, somewhat erect, pubescent. A. Lift. 
Mexico, 1 
S. punctata (dotted). A synonym of S. Eupatoria. 
S. p urea (purple). fl.-heads purple, in slightly coarctate 
corymbs ; involucre pale greenish ; pappus paleaceous and three- 
awned. August. Z. lanceolate, alternate ; lower ones obovate, 
channelled, narrowed into the petioles, serrulated at apex. Stem 
erect, velvety-pubescent, much-branched. A. 1}ft. Mexico, 1812. 
(B. R. 93, under name of S. Eupatoria.) — 
S. rhombifolia (rhomb-leaved). fl.-keads white or yellow and 
white, rarely red, in fascicles at the tips of the branches. Septem- 
ber. J., lower ones rhomboid-ovate, crenate-serrated ; upper ones 
often alternate, narrower, and more entire. h. 13ft. Mexico, 
1827. (B. R. xxiv. 59, under name of S. fascicularis.) 
S. serrata (saw-edged). fl.-heads white or pink, in fastigiate 
corymbs ; pappus bristly, two or often three-awned. August. 
l. alternate, somewhat fascicled, linear- lanceolate, slightly 
glabrous, serrated, entire at base and attenuated into the petioles. 
Stem erect, branched, pubescent. h. 15ft. Mexico, 1827. SYN. 
S. iveefolia, 
S. trachelioides (Throatwort-like). /l.-heads purple; involucral 
scales downy, mucronate-acuminate ; pappus crown-like, very 
short; corymbs clustered, many-headed. August. J. of the 
lower branches opposite, cuneate at base or entire, sessile ; the 
rest broadly ovate, slightly acute, deeply crenate-serrate, hairy 
on both sides. Stem erect, densely velvety-pubescent. h. 23ft. 
Mexico, 1839. Greenhouse. (B. M. 3856.) 
STEWARTIA. See Stuartia. 
STIBASIA. Included under Marattia. 
STICHUS. A term which, used in Greek com- 
pounds, denotes a rank or row: e.g., Distichous, two- 
ranked. 
STICKMANNIA. 
(which see). 
STIFFTIA (so called after A. J. Stifft, 1760-1836, 
Imperial Physician in Austria). Syns. Aristomenia, 
Augusta, Sanhilaria, ORD. Composite. A genus com- 
prising four or five species of stove, glabrous trees and 
shrubs, natives of Brazil or Guiana. Flower-heads 
yellow or orange, large and solitary or few together, or 
smaller and paniculate ; involucral bracts in many series, 
imbricated, obtuse, appressed, the outer ones gradually 
shortening ; receptacle naked, foveolate; florets tubular, 
with a limb of five, narrow, revolute lobes; achenes 
elongated; pappus bristles in many series. Leaves alter- 
nate, coriaceous, entire. §. chrysantha is a fine, showy, 
evergreen shrub, requiring a well-drained, turfy loam, and 
a light, airy situation. It is propagated by cuttings of 
the young wood, inserted in sandy soil, under a bell 
glass, in bottom-heat. 
S. chrysantha (golden-flowered). f.-heads orange-colour, 2in. 
2 DE onary 7 foree ange ; pappus saffron-colour. 
1840. (B. M. A438 i ceolate, acuminate. h. 6ft. > 
A synonym of Dichorisandra 
STIGMA (from stigma, a mark; in allusion to the 
Stigma being a mark or spot on the style). That part 
of the pistil of a flower which is~fitted to receive the 
pollen when mature, and to permit the passage of pollen 
tubes for the fertilisation of the ovules. It is peculiar 
