520 
THE DICTIONARY 
OF GARDENING, 
- Strophanthus—continued. 
orange, red, or purple, showy, rarely small; calyx five- 
parted; corolla funnel-shaped, the throat partly closed 
by ten scales; lobes five, twisted, usually produced into 
five very long, tail-like appendages; stamens affixed at 
the summit of the tube; cymes terminal, sometimes 
dense and few-flowered, sometimes corymbose and many- 
flowered. Leaves opposite, penniveined. All the species 
which have been introduced to cultivation are described 
below. They are both interesting and beautiful shrubs, 
of easy culture in a compost of sandy loam and peat. 
Propagation may be readily effected by cuttings, inserted 
in sand, under a glass, in a little heat. 
S. Bullenianus (Bullen’s). /l. salver-shaped, having a pinkish 
tube and a yellow limb marked with purplish spots, the long, 
tail-like apices of the limb segments being purple; cymes loosely 
branched. Summer. Z. elliptic-oblong, on short petioles. Western 
tropical Africa, 1870. A hispid, stove climber. (G. C. 1870, 
p. 1471.) ; 
capensis (Cape of Good Hope). /. yellowish; corolla lobes 
lin. long; Py ange terminal, longer than the leaves, two to 
four-flowered. June. l. approximate, ternate, obversely lanceolate, 
obtuse or sub-acute, 1jin. long, attenuated into a petiole two lines 
long. Branches erect, glabrous. h. 3ft. Cape of Good Hope, 
1860. Greenhouse. (B. M. 5713.) 
S. dichotomus (dichotomously-branched). f. whitish; tails of 
corolla segments purple, din. long; scales curled. February and 
March. 1. oblong or oblong-obovate, 4in. long, acute and nar- 
rowed at base, abruptly acuminate at apex ; oles three to four 
_ lines long. Branches and peduncles dichotomous. A, 3ft. East 
Indies, 1816. Stove. - : 
S. di (diverging). fl. greenish; throat of corolla striped 
with red, the lobes Thin to 1łin. long ; cymes few-flowered. cpg 
l. elliptic-oblong, almost acute at both ends, mucronulate at 
spet, glabrous. h. 4ft. China, 1816. Stove. (B. 150 and B. R. 
, under name of S. dichotomus chinensis.) 
sarmentosus (sarmentose). /l. reddish-purple, fasciculate, 
lateral and terminal, or ternate ; calyx lobes $in. long ; lobes of 
the corolla nearly 2in. long. June, Z. elliptic, acuminate, slightly 
acute at the base. Branches cylindrical, sarmentose, A. 5ft. 
Sierra Leone, 1824. Stove. 
STROPHIOLE. A tubercle found surrounding the 
hilum of certain seeds. 
STROPHOLIRION (from strophos, a twisted rope, 
and lirion, a lily; in allusion to the shape of the flower 
stem and the affinities of the plant). Syn. Rupalleya. 
ORD. Liliacee. A monotypic genus. ‘The species, S. 
californicum, is the plant described in this work under 
the name of Brodica volubilis. 
STRUEKERIA. A synonym of Vochysia (which 
see). 
STRUMA. A cushion-like swelling. 
STRUMARIA (from struma, a tubercle; alluding 
to the style being swollen in the middle). Syws. 
Eudolon, Hymenetron, Pugionella, Stylago. ORD. Ama- 
ryllideæ. A genus of greenhouse, bulbous plants. Six 
species have been described, natives of South Africa. 
Flowers numerous, in an umbel, on filiform, scarcely 
spreading pedicels; perianth campanulate, with scarcely 
any tube, the segments equal, erecto-patent; filaments 
more or less connected; involucral bracts two, lanceolate, 
the inner ones smaller; scapes solid. Leaves loriform. 
A selection from the introduced species is given below. 
Several plants formerly included here will now be found 
under Hessea. The species thrive in well-drained, sandy 
loam, and, after the leaves begin to discolour, require a 
thorough season of rest. Propagated by division, or by 
. 
pean white Sohclioted oiia he Sot 
: ý colou: 0 e ents 
equal and much-spreading ; scape lateral, erect, umbellately 
arg eight-flowered. fpr. a few, so og slightly obtuse, 
Lt, 3] ; n > . 
ma a po hining eath radical, erect, lin, to 2in. high 
S. rubella (reddish). six to te bellate, i : 
rianth reddish and flesh-coloured’ much or Base gE ets 
purplish ; scape lateral, nearly lft. high. May. J. linear, 
Strumaria—continued, 
oblique, slightly obtuse, entire, 5in. to Qin. long, 
sheath wanting. 1795. 
S. spiralis (spiral). A synonym of Carpolysa spiralis. 
S. stellaris (starry). A synonym of Hessea stellaris. 
S. truncata (truncate). fl. many, umbellate, inodorous, on 
slender, veth pedicels; perianth white, reddish at base, the 
segments much spreading; bracts purplish, erect, April. 
l. tongue-like, obtuse, nearly erect, from 6in. to 8in. long, sin. 
broad, all included at base in a dark blood-coloured sheath. 
795. 
iin. broad ; 
Bearing a 
STRUMOSE, STRUMIFEROUS. 
struma. 
STRUTHIOLA (from struthion, a little sparrow; 
alluding to the resemblance of the seeds to a beak). 
Syn. Belvala. Ord. Thymelæaceæ. A genus comprising 
about a score species of pretty, greenhouse, evergreen, 
Heath-like shrubs or under-shrubs, restricted to South 
Africa. Flowers white, red, or yellow, sub-sessile in the 
upper axils, solitary or rarely twin; perianth tube slender, 
the lobes four, spreading; stamens four, included in the 
tube; bracteoles two, short, narrow, stipitate. Fruit 
small, dry. Leaves opposite or rarely scattered, rather 
small, coriaceous, often loosely imbricated. The best- 
known species are here described. They thrive in sandy 
peat. Propagation may be effected by cuttings, inserted 
in sand, under a glass. 
S. erecta (erect). jl. pink or white, five to six lines long, the 
lobes acuminate. June. J. clustered, linear-lanceolate, acute, 
spreading, one to three-nerved at back, not ciliated. Branches 
slender, tS h. 1ft. 1798. Sbrub highly glabrous. 
(B. M. 2138; L. B. ©. 74.) 
lineariloba glabra (linear-lobed, glabrous). fl. reddish or 
white, scarcely sin. long; lobes linear, obtuse. June. J. half- 
spreading, needle-like, convex at back, almost nerveless, 
per h. 2ft. 1820. (B. M. 222, under name of S. erecta; 
. B. C. 75, under name of S. juniperina.) 
S. longiflora (long-flowered). fl. reddish or yellowish, densely 
tomentose, eight to twelve lines long ; lobes ovate-oblong. July. 
l. imbricated, ovate- or linear - lanceolate, slightly acuminate, 
rather obtuse, slenderly striated, glabrous, ciliated, at len 
naked, one-half or one-third the length of the flowers. Branches 
puberulous. A. 2ft. 1819. (B. M. 1212, under name of S. pu- 
bescens.) 
S. Iucens (shining). 7. yellow, five to seven lines long, pubescent ; 
lobes ovate-oblong. June. l. imbricated, lanceolate or oblong, 
acuminate and acute, clasping, six to ten lines long, shining, 
gt Ni ae naked. Branches twiggy, pubescent above. 
S. ovata (ovate). /l. white or flesh-coloured, several times longer 
than the leaves; lobes ovate, acuminate. ril, , 1. ovate or 
oblong, slightly acute, nearly flat, obsoletely one to three-nerved 
at back. h, 2ft. 1792. (A. B. R. 119; L. B. C. 141.) 
S. striata (striated). jl. yellow, cano-pilose, scarcely longer than 
the leaves; lobes oblong, acute. July. l. ovate or oblong, sub- 
acute, flat, or the be sated ones somewhat clasping, acute, striate- 
nerved, ciliated, Fn rous. Branchlets pubescent. h. 2ft. . 
(A. B. R. 113, under name of S. imbricata.) 
S. tomentosa (tomentose). fl. yellow, cano-tomentose, sin. long ; 
lobes oblong, obtuse. A t. J. imbricated, oval-oblong, rather 
obtuse, three to five lines long, three to five-nerved at back, 
fae tis pilose ; upper ones broader, half-clasping; lower ones 
flat, linear-lanceolate ; young ones and branchlets densely cano- 
villous. A. 2ft. 1799. (A. B. R. 334.) 
S. virgata (twiggy). /. red; tube adpressedly pilose; lobes 
ovate, rather obtuse. June. Z. opposite, three to six lines long, 
clustered, semi-spreading, linear or lanceolate - linear, obtuse, 
ciliated, or, as well as the branchlets, pubescent. A. 2ft. 1779. 
(A. B. R. 139, under name of S. rubra; A. B. R. 140, under name 
of S. ciliata.) 
S. v. incana (hoary). fl. white; tube densely pubescent ; limb 
glabrescent. Z. ciliated, penicillate. Branchlets densely hoary 
or =i ose at apex. (L. B. C. 11, under name of S. in- 
cana, ‘ 
STRUTHIOPTERIS. Included under Onoclea 
(which see), ' 
STRUTHIUM. Included under Gypsophila. 
STRYCHNINE-PLANT. The common name of 
Strychnos Nux vomica. 
STRYCHNOS (an old Greek name used by Theo- 
phrastus for some solanaceous plants). Syns. Brehmia, 
