Pammel — Anatomical Characters of Seeds of Leguminosae. 93 



1885, made a study of the light line of the seeds of several 

 orders, including the Leguminosae, in order to settle some of 

 the conflicting theories concerning this peculiar band. The 

 following species were studied by him: Lupinus albus, Jj., 

 Phaseolus sp,, Vicia Faha, L., Irigonella Foenum-graecum^ 

 L., Ervum Frvilla, L., Pisum sp., and Acacia prismatica, 

 Hffsg. 



Among the later writers who have taken up the seeds of the 

 order, mention should be made of Nadelmann (185), 1890, 

 who describes the anatomy, development, and the transfor- 

 mation of the reserve cellulose in the endosperm and embryo 

 of leguminous seeds during germination. Tschirch (265), 

 1889, in various parts of his work, discusses the chemistry, 

 structure, and function of the testa, embryo, and endosperm. 

 Mattirolo and Buscalioni (174), 1892, in a splendid mono- 

 graph, have given us one of the best recent accounts of the 

 structure of different parts of the seed, as well as the func- 

 tions of different parts of the testa. The paper is accom- 

 panied by an excellent bibliography on seeds. Some excellent 

 figures and descriptions are contained in the " Anatomischer 

 Atlas" of Tschirch and Oesterle (267). Two recent papers 

 have come to my notice, one by Pfaefflin (199), 1897, who 

 worked under the direction of Tschirch, and the other by 

 Marliere (164), 1897. 



GENERAL HISTOLOGICAL DISCUSSION. 



Macrosclerids. Malpighian Cells. 



Malpighi (161) undoubtedly observed these cells, as his 

 figures and descriptions show, and this led Targioni-Tozzetti 

 (257) to apply the name Malpighian to them. Schleiden 

 and Vogel (234), 1838, in their classic paper, apply the term 

 epidermal ; Sempolowski, 1874, calls them palisade or epi- 

 dermal; Strandmark, 1874, epidermis; Chalon, 1875, cara- 

 pace; Haberlandt, 1877, and Junowicz, 1877, prism cells, 

 Prismenschichte ; Russow, 1871, 1872, and Beck, 1878, 

 Hartschichte ; Beck, 1878, Hanausek, 1884, Harz, 1885, 

 Moeller, 1886, Nadelmann, 1890, Kayser, (386), 1893, 

 palisade cells. 



