128 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



Vicieae and Phaseoleae the reserve food consists largely of 

 carbohydrates in the form of starch, and proteids in the form 

 of aleurone grains. In Caesalpinieae the reserve food occurs 

 in the form of proteids and fat; in Trifolium, as starch, 

 proteids and fat; in Glycine hispida, largely as fat and pro- 

 teids; in /Schotia, Tamarindus, and Lujnnus, as reserve cel- 

 lulose, proteids and fat. The proteid of leguminous seeds 

 seems to vary greatly. In the pea it is similar to globulin, and 

 is soluble in a two per cent, solution of common salt. The 

 common bean has a proteid known as phaseolin.* 



In the Soy bean, the proteids vary from 32 to 44 per cent. 

 (99, 2:697). Green (75) has shown that there exists in 

 lupine seed a proteolytic ferment which converts the proteids 

 during germination into pepsin, leucin, and asparagin. 



The starch grains are extremely variable, being small in 

 Trifolium i relatively large in Pisum and Phaseolus, and very 

 large in Rhynchosia erylJu'oides (Schleiden and Vogel 234), 

 and other species. The starch grains of many of our com- 

 mon species are described and figured in many text-books. 

 Additional facts are given by Niigeli (187), Lohr (150), and 

 Klotz (135). The economic legumes are considered by Harz 

 (99) and Tschirch and Oesterle (267). 



Fat, which is commonly present, is embedded in the so- 

 called oil plasma and is an important reserve food. In the 

 Soy bean it varies from 13 to 20 per cent. (Harz 99, 2 : 697). 



The cell-walls of some Leguminosae, as Lujnnus sp., £i- 

 anca scandens, Venlrosema virginianum , CUtoria hrasiliana, 

 C. Mariana^ Copaifera officinalis, Hymenaea Courbaril, 

 Sioartzia Langsdorfii, Goodia, Cyanospermum, Erythrina 

 ascoca, and Tamarindus, are thickened, in some species more 

 than in others. This reserve material is an amyloid in most 

 cases. Its relation to the thick-walled reserve cellulose is 

 shown in Table E, under endosperm. Two opposite views are 

 held in regard to the reserve nature of this material in Lupinus 

 albus. Nadelmann ( 185 ) concludes that the cell-walls enter into 

 solution, and his figures show progressive changes. Elfert 



* For a discussion of these products see Griessraayer (77), Osborn & 

 Campbell (194), Green (74), Harz (99, 2), Konig (136), Jenkins & Wintoa 

 (125), and a host of chemical writers both American and European. 



