of the male is dark and extends first in the lower region. It seems 

 to have two secondary swellings at the base of the arms. 



Structure: Boss on head from snout to rear of interorbital space; 

 slight furrow down the middle, and outer ridges forming boss are 

 parallel; these ridges connected by a bar at rear and with slight ex- 

 tension toward the eye; broad upper eyelid with closely set tubercles, 

 in sharp contrast with narrow interorbital; snout short, vertical in 

 profile; tympanum elliptical and vertical; two cutting metatarsal 

 tubercles, inner large and spadelike; ventro-basal portion of femur 

 discolored; forethroat of male discolored. 



Breeding: They breed from May onward, in shallow edges of 

 lakes or ponds or other water. There are no descriptions of the tad- 

 pole on record. They transform at 3/8-1/2 inch (9-13.5 mm.). 



Notes: August 30, 1930. At 11 o'clock we started northward from 

 Grand Forks. At Ardock we found a stream dried up except for 

 isolated pools. Around one in the cow-punched and cracked mud, 

 we took some 7 or 8 young of Bufo hemiophrys. They were of two sets 

 of sizes: 36 mm., 33 mm., 26 mm., 23 mm., 22 mm., 18 mm. All of 

 these young specimens have a suggestion of the dark pectoral spot, 

 and only the two larger ones begin to show cranial ridges. 



August 31, 1930. It rained in the afternoon. We went through 

 Neche to Walhalla, N. D., at the edge of Pembina mountains. We 

 arrived about 5:30 p. m. It was still raining. W 7 e began to get desper- 

 ate in our desire for live adults of Bufo hemiophrys. Before dark, we 

 took an excursion around town looking for possible covers for toads. 

 The evening was cold, the rain had stopped and it was doubtful if 

 toads were abroad feeding. This has been a summer of remarkable 

 drought. W T e used one of the best expedients of a collector. We en- 

 gaged a bright-eyed young boy (Audrey Miller) to search the town. 

 Inside of half an hour, he appeared with an adult male. He and an- 

 other lad started promptly again with a flashlight, and returned 

 twice, each time with an adult toad. We asked where they got them 

 and he said in the gutters, and later he said he got them in the 

 sewers. 



Sept. 1, 1930. We went out with the boys, to a place where they 

 had a toad located, but had missed him last night. These males have 

 a throat of the Bufo americanus class, but close examination of one 

 which half inflated its throat revealed that the lower throat region 

 expanded first, and there also seemed to be a secondary swelling at 

 ventral base of each arm. The throat seems to have a slight fold 

 across lower throat on the pectoral region. Its boss, this slight in- 

 dication of a lower throat pouch, and two cutting metatarsal tubercles 

 suggest relationship with B. cognatus. 



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