suggestive of the R. virgatipes — R. grylio group. In young specimens 

 the sides may be speckled and the throats mottled. In the largest 

 males, the entire under parts are maize yellow. 



Structure: No lateral folds, or folds interrupted; webs large, but 

 leaving one joint of fourth toe free; head narrow, snout pointed; eyes 

 close together; tympanum conspicuous, in males much larger than 

 the eye. 



Voice: One call is like the sound of driving a long nail into a 

 heavy timber with a hammer. Another thought it like the "shucking" 

 of a loose wheel on a lumber wagon. S. C. Bishop described it as 

 "cut-cut with sometimes a 'burred' gh-r-r" 



Breeding: They breed from June 24 to July 30 or possibly August 

 16, the crest coming in July. The egg mass is a plinth, 3-5 inches 

 (75-125 mm.) by 2 inches (50 mm.) thick. The egg is brown to black 

 and buff to yellow, the envelope 1/4 inch (6-7 mm.) becoming 

 5/16-3/8 inch (8-9 mm.) as development proceeds. The olive tad- 

 pole is large, 4 inches (99 mm.), its tail elongate with acute tip. The 

 tooth ridges are 2/3. After a tadpole period of 1 year or slightly more, 

 they transform from June 24 to August 30, the bulk in July, at 1 1/6- 

 1 3/5 inches (29-40 mm.). 



Notes: On ]u\f 16 and 17, 1913. Otter Lake, Canada. ... All 

 along the north edge of the lake were white water lilies, yellow 

 spatterdocks and water shields. These three made a perfect carpet 

 on the water's surface. On these plants during the day the frogs 

 rested. . . . Another habitat was a beaver lake where Cassandra 

 and all the associated heath-like plants grew. In Fletcher Lake, 

 Sept. 1, we found them in the shallow sandy shores amongst pipeworts 

 (Eriocaulon articulatum) . 



Mr. S. C. Bishop on July 13, 1923, at Adirondack Lodge "found 

 one small lot of eggs (12) on the sandy bottom of the lake in about 

 8 inches of water. They were being eaten by a newt when found. 

 Either the newt may have carried them there or they may have 

 been a few laid by a female which laid a few before the main ovula- 

 tion. On July 13 p. m., day mostly bright and windy. Found three 

 egg masses of the mink frog (Rana septentrionalis Baird) fastened to 

 the stems of the yellow cow lilies. They were attached 8, 12 and 18 

 inches below the surface in plinth masses from 4 to 5 1/2 inches in 

 largest diameter. The lilies are 4-6 rods from the shore in 6-8 feet 

 of water. Newts very common in the lake are the enemies of the eggs 

 and embryos. In the mass of hatching young, one newt was found 

 in the middle of the mass. In attempting to photograph eggs in lake, 

 newts came and attempted to crawl into the mass." 



185 



