313. With two spines in the anal fin; Maryland, Virginia and N. C. 



loa vitrea (Cope) 

 With one spine in the anal fin 3 14. 



314. Sides of body poorly scaled; Gulf States 



Ammocrypta heanii Jordan Sand Darter 

 Sides of body more or less regularly scaled; Mississippi Valley to Texas 

 Vigil pellucidus (Baird) Sand Darter 



315. Cheeks scaled; Michigan to Kentucky and Arkansas 



Imostoma shumardi (Girard) Shumard's Darter 

 Cheeks not scaled 316. 



316. With four dark bars on the back and with several smaller dark blotches 



along each side; Ind. to Ala. and Arkansas 



Cottogaster uranidca (J. 65? G.) 

 Brownish above; each side with a continuous series of dark blotches; 

 N. Y. to Missouri 



Cottogaster copelandi (Jordan) Copeland's Darter 



317. With one soft anal spine; body depth one'Seventh to one-eighth of 



length; scale count over 80; with several dark bars across back and a 

 dark band made up of a series of blotches along each side; Ind. to Ala. 

 and Arkansas 



Crystallaria asprella (Jordan) 

 With two anal spines (anal spines soft in P. caprodes) ; other characters 

 various 318. 



318. Head broad; space between the eyes more than one-fifth the length of the 



head; snout much overhanging mouth; scale count about 90; with dark 

 upright bars on the body and a dark spot at the base of the tail fin; 

 west to Texas 



Percina caprodes (Raf.) Log-perch, Hogfish 



Head narrower, with the space between the eyes smaller; mouth almost 



terminal; scale count less in most but not all species; color various, 



many of the species having confluent dark blotches along the sides 



Black-sided Darters 319. 



319. Pelvic fins about as far apart as the base of one pelvic fin 320. 

 Pelvic fins closer together 325. 



320. Gill membranes well connected with each other across the isthmus; cheeks 



well scaled; spinous dorsal fin with an orange band just within margin, 

 this fin separated from the soft dorsal about the width of the eye; Ohio 

 to Oklahoma 



Alvordius phoxocephalus (Nelson) Slender-headed Darter 

 Hadropterus phoxocephalus (Nelson) 

 Gill membranes scarcely connected; cheeks somewhat less scaled to bare 



321. 



321. Dorsal spines 13 to 15; dorsal fins almost contiguous; scale count usually 



over 58 322. 



Dorsal spines 11 or 12; dorsal fins various; scale count usually under 



65 323. 



296 



