148 



CHAPTER II 



TABLE 3. The European element in the fauna of Newfoundland as illustrated by 



some sufficiently known groups of terrestrial (and limnic) animals. Arrangement of 



groups from largest to smallest European influence. 



^ The Lymnaeidae of Brooks' list (1940, p. 75) have been revised according to Hubendick 



(1951)- 



^ The Brooks' (1936, 1940) are very restrictive in regarding only 6 of the Newfoundland 

 Molluscs (one, Deroceras reticulatum Mull., even doubtfully) as introduced from Europe. 

 To my mind, at least the following 8 species should be added: Arion circuniscn'ptus Johnst., 

 Cepaea hortensis Miill., Hygrornia striolata Pfeiff., Limax marginatus Miill., L. maximus L., 

 Oxychiliis draparnaldi Beck, Vallonia excentrica Sterki, Vertigo alpestris Aid. For Lymnaea 

 peregra Miill. a transport with birds is perhaps equally probable {vide below, p. 251). 



^ The revision of the Newfoundland Chrysomelidae is not finished and the figures here 

 given are preliminary only. 



This is a feature of general validity. In the "Iso-Myriopods" (Palmen, 1951, 

 1952, 1954) 42 species have been stated in Newfoundland, 37 of which are re- 

 garded as European introductions, and of these no less than 20 are known from 

 the Avalon Peninsula only. 



In a foregoing section of this chapter (p. 135 a.f.) the criteria of an introduced 

 species were formulated. Let us now try to test them in practice. The reader, of 



