iy6 CHAPTER II 



Senecio jacobaea T. pratense 



S. vulgaris T. repens 



Sisymbrium officinale Tussilago farfara 



Trifolitim hybridum Vicia angustifolia 



In addition Alopecurus sp., Crepis sp. (possibly capillaris), and Taraxacum sp. 

 In spots the cosmopolitan moss Funaria hygromeirica (det. Dr. R. Tuomikoski). 

 In a moist ditch Juncus effusus. 



Collected animal species ("emigrants" in brackets): 



Specially considered groups: 54 species, 28 "emigrants" = 52 per cent. 



c— Along a small salt-water pond connected with the sea by a ditch, situated 

 inside the power plant (map, fig. 20). Clayish soil, bare and covered by a carpet of 

 green algae close to the water, higher up with: 



Artemisia vulgaris Matricaria maritima maritima 



Hordeum murinum Spergularia salina 



and Atriplex sp. (sterile). 



Animals collected in the litoral zone (obvious salinity): 



Coleoptera 8 species Hem. Heteroptera 2 species 



Carabidae 5 » Isopoda i 



None of these occur in North America. 



II. Topsham (S. Devon), 25.V. 54.— This small town was formerly an important 

 harbour for the transatlantic trade. Even ships sailing from Exeter, through the 

 canal, were supplied with ballast at Topsham (Braddick, 1953, p. 30), especially 

 in the period 1760-1870 (according to Major A.B. Gay, of the R. Albert Mem. 

 Museum, Exeter). The actual site of the place where ballast was taken seems no 

 longer to be remembered. I collected on the inside of the quays and banks on the 

 eastern side of the mouth of the canalized River Exe, within the limits as well as 

 immediately north of the town. Hard, dry, open soil (mainly artificial: coke, 

 bricks, gravel, &c.). Vegetation, depressed and mostly thin: 



