The human transport of animals across the Northern Atlantic 



i8i 



(Photo the author 30. V. 1954.) 



FIG. 24. The quarry south of Appledore (locahty V b) seen from the river-side (River 

 Torridge). 



Stones and earth from the quarry were said to have been used as ship's ballast. 



In addition Agrostis ? stolonifera (sterile), Crepis sp., Rubus "plicatus", and 

 Scrophularia sp. 



Collected animals: 



Specially considered groups: 75 species, 32 "emigrants" = 43 per cent. 



Some of the species recorded above (including Stomis, Simplocaria semistriata, 

 Sitona lepidus, and those living on Ulex) were collected on a slightly moister 

 pasture between the quarry and the river bank, with Trifolium repens as dominating 

 plant. 



c— Along a salt-water ditch inside the stone wall which follows the river 

 bank immediately below the quarry (loc. b). Muddy, soft marsh-soil, with Beta 



