BY J. P. HILL. 59 



of tlie body. No doubt the latter factor does, to some extent, 

 influence tlie closeness or remoteness of the subcuticular cells, but 

 that it does so in only a very slight degree is shown by the fact 

 that in invaginated Cysticerci (i.e., in the most contracted condi- 

 dion) these spaces are always recognisable between the cells. 



Ground tissup. — The ground tissue (the ground parenchyma, 

 ground substance, body jjarenchyma, of various authors) consists, 

 as (jriesbach describes* for Solenophorus and Hamannf for Tcenia 

 lineata, of a granular matrix, in the outermost part of which the 

 subcuticular cells lie embedded. It contains, internal to the 

 subcuticula, numerous rounded, fusiform or stellate cells, the 

 nuclei and cell bodies of which are clearly distinguishable. 



Certain of these cells lying nearer the subcuticula have an oval 

 nucleated cell body, which is produced on opposite sides into two 

 narrow processes, the outer of which can be traced into the space 

 between two adjacent subcuticular cells and is probably inserted 

 into the " dermo-elastic " layer ; the inner process passes for some 

 distance into the ground tissue. These cells probably function 

 as muscular cells. Zograf, | in Solenophorus megacej)halus and 

 Tricenophorus nodnlosus, describes and figures cells " de forme 

 etoilee, avec leurs longues excroissances en forme de rayons qui, 

 d'un cote, s'elevent entre les cellules de la matrice juvsqu' a la 

 cuticle, et, de I'autre, s'enfoncent dans le parenchyme du ver et 

 s'y rattachent aux cellules semblables du tissu conjonctif du 

 parenchyme." These star-shaped cells closely agree in their 

 relationships with the cells described above. With the exception 

 of the elastic fibres already described as occurring in the ground 

 tissue, no distinct bundles of longitudinal muscle fibres were 

 recognisable. 



* Loc. cit. p. 527. 



t Zeit. f. wiss. Zool. xlii. 1885; vide RoUeston's "Forms of Animal Life," 

 2nd ed. p. 226. 



f" Les Cestodes, offrent-ils des Tissus ectodermiques ? " Archives Zool. 

 Exp. et Gen. 2nd Ser. T. x. 1892, No. 3, p. 339. 



