BY W. J. S. >[cKAY. 273 



Owen gives a short account of tlie panniculus, and says — "The 

 legs and the arms protrude through oblique apertures in this 

 muscular tunic ; some of the anterior fasciculi are inserted by a 

 short tendon into the pectoral ridge of tlie humerus ; others, still 

 more anterior, are attached to the cranium, the lower jaw and 

 lower lip. A strip of fibres is attached to the os hyoides ; another 

 fasciculus spreads over the cheek pouch, and assists in emptying 

 that receptacle of the food." 



Smith gives a short account of the panniculus in Ornithorhyn- 

 chus, but the account contains nothing of importance. 



Meckel says, towards the latter part of his description — "In 

 thorace supi'erao, e regione fissuras brachialis modo dictae, duobus 

 fasciculis, quorum praecipue inferior, et decursu et adhsesione 

 presse superiorem sequens, fortissimus est, teudinibus brevibus, 

 musculo pectorali magno junctis affigitur ossis humeri cristae 

 anterioris dimidio inferiori. Magis antrorsum atque introrsum, 

 in ipso extremo thoracis anteriore e clavicula; regione, similiter 

 in plana duo, alterum externum, communis musculi continua- 

 tionem, alterum internum profundum finditur." 



" Hoc fasciculum sistit pyramidalem, pollices duos longum, 

 inferiore extremo quatuor, superiore duas lineas latum in regione 

 ossis hyoidis cum musculi omo- et sternohyoidei strato super- 

 ficiale junctum. Ex hoc conjunctionis loco fasciculus hie, denuo 

 dilatatus extrorsum et antrorsum tendit, maxillam inferiorem 

 transgreditur, et in magnum tendinum tenuissimorum numerum 

 finditur, labii inferioris duobus trientibus posterioribus insertorum. 

 Hisce teudinibus labium hoc valide detrahitur. Fasciculus hie 

 inferior Santoriniano conferendus videtur." 



"Stratum externum sensim,ut jam diximus,maximeattenuatum; 

 subito tibris transversis compositum collum et cranium laxe, 

 pressius tamen parte reliqua circuuidat, foraminibus ad aures 

 oculosque ducentibus perforatum." 



CuviER and Laurillard give, in Plates 265-6-7, various figures 

 of the panniculus with names attached to the differentiated por- 

 tions. The part inserted in conjunctiou with the pectoi'alis major 



