Bd. VI: 4) THE ECHINOIDEA. 65 



of one and the same species»; he Hkewise unites with this species the H. cordattis 

 described by Verkill from Kerguelen (1876). The same course was, for the rest, al- 

 ready previously adopted by Sti'DEK in his paper on the »Gazelle» Echinoidea (1880). 

 Bernard (Échinides recueillis par l'expédition du Cap Horn 1882— 1883. Bull, du 

 Mus. d'hist. nat. 1895. No. 7) goes even farther, uniting with his Tripyhis cavernosus 

 not only the two species anstralis and pliilippi {cordatus is not named) but also 

 Tripylus excavatiis PtiiL. — MEISSNER in 1896 (Die von Herrn Dr. Plate aus Chile 

 heimgebrachten Seeigel) maintains Tripylus cxcavatus as distinct besides Heviiaster 

 cavernosus, under which latter the rest {austra/is, antarctica, philippi and cordatus) 

 are included as synonyms. The same course is followed in his paper iDie Echinoi- 

 den d. Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreiseo 1900, where he further includes 

 under Heiiiiaster cavernosus some specimens distinguished by PFEFFER with the 

 M.S. name Heniiaster Agassizii. — Recently two new species have been described, 

 viz. H. gallegosensis from Patagonia (De Loriol, Notes pour servir à l'étude des 

 Échinodermes. 2 Sér. IL 1904) and H. elongatus from the South Orkneys (R. KoEH- 

 LER, Astéries, Ophiures et Échinides de l'Expédition antarctique nationale Écossaise. 

 Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh. XLVI. 1908). While De LoriûL is inclined to regard 

 all the previously described species as distinct, KOEHLER joins DöDERLEIN (Echi- 

 noiden d. deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition 1906) in regarding australis, cordatus and 

 pliilippii as synonyms of Heniiaster cavernosus. (In »Résultats du Voyage du S. Y. 

 Belgica, 1897—1899. Zoologie. Échinides et Ophiures. 1901, p. 13 Prof. KOEHLER 

 expresses the opinion that also Tripylus excavatus should be made a synonym of 

 Heniiaster cavernosus.) The same view, evidently, is held by Prof. Beli, (Echino- 

 derma of the National Antarctic Expedition 1908), though not stated explicitly; he 

 only states he is inclined to follow A. AgasSIZ in regarding Tripylus excavatus as 

 distinct. — Finally, it may be mentioned that Philippi (Über die chilenischen See- 

 igel. Verh. d. deutschen naturwiss. Vereins. Santiago. 1892) nanes, besides Tri- 

 pylus excavatus, cavernosus, australis, also Tr. cordatus (without author name) and 

 Tr. Scythei Phil. The latter is evidently meant as a new species, but as it is a 

 nomen nudum, it has to be dropped. 



Besides the above mentioned species the following related forms have been de- 

 scribed: Tripylus Pliilippii Gray (Ann. N. H. 185 1), Schizaster Moscleyi A. Ag. 

 (Challenger Ech.), and a couple of new genera have also been established more re- 

 cently, viz. Spatagodesma {Dioinedœ) by A. Agassiz 1898 (cf. Panamic Deep Sea 

 Echini 1904 p. 198) and Atnpliipncustcs (Lorioli) by KoEHLER (Échinides et Ophiures 

 de »Belgica« 1901). The former is regarded by its author as nearest related to 

 Agassizia; as I have shown (»Ingolf» Echinoidea II. 1907, p. 114), it is evidently 

 only the young of either Abatus or Schizaster {Brisaster). The latter is regarded 

 b\- the author as being nearest to Pahcopneustes: it is also very nearly related to 



g~l(l0i:J3. Sc/nuc-disihe S'ûdfolar-E.xpcditicn içoi — igos- 



