GEN. CYPRINUS. THE GOLD CARP. 53 



That, upon the whole, the Carp is hardy, cannot, 

 from its wide diffusion, be doubted ; and as an addi- 

 tional illustration, it may be mentioned that M. Host, 

 a naturalist of Vienna, observed a Gold-fish revive 

 after it had been frozen up in ice during a winter 

 night, in the vicinity of Austerlitz. Still more clear, 

 however, is it, that it thrives best in a warm and 

 genial medium, even should this be artificially pro- 

 duced. It is well known, says a correspondent in 

 Loudon*s Magazine (vol. iii.), that in manufacturing 

 districts, where there is an inadequate supply of cold 

 water for the condensation of the steam employed in 

 the engines, recourse is had to what are called engine- 

 dams or ponds, into which the water from the steam- 

 engine is thrown for the purpose of being cooled ; in 

 these dams, the average temperature of which is 

 B,bout 80®, it is common to keep Gold-fish ; and it 

 is a notorious feet, that they multiply in these situa- 

 tions much more rapidly than in ponds of lower 

 temperature, exposed to the variations of the climate. 

 Three pair of this species were put into one of these 

 dams, where they increased so rapidly, that at the 

 end of three years their progeny, which were un- 

 doubtedly poisoned with verdigris mixed with the 

 refuse tallow of the engine, were taken out by wheel- 

 barrow-fulls. Under such circumstances it is, says 

 the author of " The Rod," that they are found in 

 a water-cut connected with the Clyde near Glas- 

 gow, and thus may become naturalized in that 

 river. 



It is not, however, from the habits and economit 



