390 SYNOPSIS. 



Gen. LXX. Clupea. Head and body compressed ; under 

 jaw longest ; teeth minnte and few in number, or wanting ; 

 gill-opening very large ; branchiostegous rays eight ; scales large, 

 thin, and deciduous. 



Sp. 139. C. harengus. Head nearly one- fifth of the whole 

 length, including the anal fin ; depth of the body, com- 

 pared with the whole length, as one to five ; commence- 

 ment of the dorsal fin half-way between the point of the 

 upper jaw and the end of the fleshy portion of the tail, 

 the ventrals placed in a vertical line imder the base of the 

 sixth ray of the dorsal ; tail pretty deeply forked, the 

 middle ray about one-third the length of the longest 

 ray. The number of fin- rays varies, D. 17—19 : P. 15 

 —17 : V. 9 : A. 14—16 : C. 18—20. Lower jaw longest, 

 with five or six teeth; tongue with four central rows 

 of small teeth, upper jaw with a few small teeth: ridge 

 of abdomen serrated in young specimens (less than six 

 inches in length), smooth in full-grown individuals ; 

 scales placed in fifteen rows between the dorsal and ven- 

 tral fins ; lateral line obsolete : colour of the upper parts 

 blue, with greenish reflections, sides and belly silvery 

 white; dorsal and caudal fins dusky; lower fins almost 

 white. — Linn.^ Willujh; Penn. Brit. Zool., iii. p. 444, 

 pi. 79; Jenyns' Brit. Vert., p. 434; Yarr. Brit. Fish., ii. 

 p. 183. 

 Sp. 140. C. Leachii. Leach's Herring. Length of head com- 

 pared with that of the body (exclusive of the head and 

 caudal rays) as one to three : body much deeper than in 

 the common herring, the dorsal and abdominal lines more 

 convex : under jaw longer than the upper, and having three 

 or four prominent teeth just within the angle formed by 

 the symphysis ; dorsal fin behind the centre of gravity, but 

 not so much so as in the common herring : fins and scales 

 rather small. Fin-rays, D. 18 : P. 17 : V. 9 : A. 16 : C. 20 : 

 Colours as in the common herring. — Yarr. Zool. Jov/r., 

 V. 277, pi. 12; Brit. Fish., ii. 193; Jenyns' Brit. Vert, 

 p. 434. 



