SYNOPSIS. 421 



greatest breadth of the body at the centre, the outline be- 

 liind that rounded ; a few spines near the end of the 

 snout, and a semicircular series behind each eye ; four 

 short parallel rows on the centre of the back ; tail beset 

 .with sti'ong curved spines : colour dusky brown above, the 

 back with a number of ocellated spots ; underside white. 

 — Ronddet, p. 355 ; Yarr. Brit Fish., ii. p. 574. R. cir- 

 cularis, Couch, Mag. Nat. Hist., xi. p. 71. 



Sp. 242. H. chagrinea. Shagreen Ray. Snout rather long 

 and sharp ; body very rough on the upper surface, the 

 colour a uniform yellowish brown ; under surface pure 

 white ; a row of spines round the inner edge of each eye, 

 and two rows of large bent spines on the tail. — M(yiit. 

 Mem. Weiin. Soc, ii. p. 420, pi. 21 ; Penn. Brit. Zool., iii. 

 117; Jenyns' Brit. Vert, p. 513^ R, fullonica, Linn., 

 Yarr. Brit. Fish., ii. 578. 



Sp. 243. F. clavata. Thomback. Snout short and obtuse ; 

 teeth of the male terminating in a curved point, those of 

 the female blunt ; skin very rough, and studded at inter- 

 vals with large oval or*ounded tubercles terminating in a 

 spine ; one row of spines down the line of the back; tail 

 with three rows : colour brown above, with lighter coloured 

 spots ; under side pure white, occasionally bearing a few 

 spines like those of the surface. — Linn., Cuv. Feg. An. ; 

 Pemi. Brit. Zool., iii. p. 122, pi. 14 ; Don. Brit. Fish., 

 pi. 26 ; Tarr. Brit. Fish., ii. 582. 



Sp. 244. R. radiata. Starry Ray. Snout scarcely produced ; 

 greatest width near the middle : skin smooth, but studded 

 with strong conical spines of various sizes, rising from a 

 broad oval basis marked with radiating striae ; a series of 

 very large spines along the dorsal ridge with a few small 

 ones intermixed, and two or three rows on the taU : colour 

 of the upper side pale brown with a tinge of orange-brown, 

 under side white and smooth. — Don. Brit. Fish., pi. 114; 

 Jenyns'' Brit. Vert,, p. 517 ; Yarr. Brit. Fish., ii. p. 585. 



Gen. CXIX. Trygon. General form of Raia; head en- 

 closed by the pectorals ; tail slender, without fins, ending in 



