12 INTRODUCTION. 



apple orchard will give four times as much profit as the same 

 quality of land in grass or hay with less cost of cultivation. 



In regard to the use of apples for stock, Mr. French says : 

 "No accurate experiments have been tried by which the value 

 of apples for cattle and swine has been ascertained. This, 

 like so many other important agricultural questions, has been 

 left to be guessed out by Yankee shrewdness. 



"Most observing men believe now that apples of all kinds 

 are very valuable for milch cows and swine. The general 

 impression is that siveet apples are, for such purposes, more 

 valuable than soiir, although an analysis, I believe, shows 

 little diiference in their constituent elements. The opinion 

 has been confidently expressed by intelligent farmers that 

 sweet apples are of more value for stock than the same quan- 

 tity of potatoes. The 'Green Siveet' is, of all others, the 

 apple to be cultivated for stock. Such food is not required 

 till winter, and this variety will last till the 20th of May, 

 which is pasturing time in this State." 



If apples are proper food for gtock in winter, they are 

 equally proper at all other seasons; and where pasture and 

 grass are scarce, they can be profitably used during summer 

 and fall, especially for hogs, and they are of advantage to the 

 orchard by consuming the defective and wormy apples as they 

 fall, thereby aiding in the destruction of insects alike inju- 

 rious to the fruit and to the trees. 



We predict that soon a large and more regular trade will 

 be opened for Southern fruit, independent of that raised for 

 home consumption, and that no product of our soil can yield 

 so liberal a return for the same amount of labor and capital 

 as our crop of apples. Even at the low price of one dollar 

 and fifty cents per barrel, which is lower than any price yet 

 reached with us, the culture of this fruit pays twice, at least, 

 the profit of any of our crops, including wheat or tobacco. 



We quote further from Mr. French's valuable communica- 

 tion: "For reasons which are not easily understood, the ap- 

 ple seems extremely sensitive as to changes of climate. A 

 variety wjiich thrives well in New England often fails in New 

 York, while the favorite apple of New York, the New Town 



