'■86 PROPAGATION OF FRUITS. 



The third sort, which is the most common of any, produces 

 both flowers and leaves. Buds, together with bulbs, which 

 are a species of buds generally seated on or near the root, are 

 termed hihernacula, a term signifying the winter quarters 

 of the embryon shoot. 



As plants are supposed to bear a striking analogy to ani- 

 mals, they may not improperly be reckoned both viviparous 

 and oviparous; in which view seeds may be considered as 

 vegetable eggs, buds as living foetuses for infant plants, which 

 renew the species as certainly as the seed. 



As each bud contains in itself the rudiments of a plant, 

 and would, if separated from its parent vegetable, become in 

 all respects similar to it, Linnceus, to shew the wonderful 

 fertility of nature, has made a calculation, from which it ap- 

 pears that in a trunk scarce exceeding a span in breadth, no 

 less than ten thousand buds may be produced. How great, 

 then, must be the number of plants which are capable of being 

 raised from one large tree ? 



The flower-buds of many trees, says Dr. Darwin, arise 

 immediately from the terminating shoots or spurs of the pre- 

 ceding year, and are either accompanied with leaf-buds, or 

 separately, as in apple and pear trees. Others proceed from 

 the shoots of the present year, alternately with leaf-buds, as 

 those of vines, and form the third or fourth of the new shoots. 

 They difl*er from the leaf-buds, because they perish when 

 their seeds are ripe without producing any addition to the 

 tree; the leaf-buds, on the contrary, decay in autumn, and 

 their condexes are then gradually converted into alburnum or 

 sap-wood, over which the new leaf-buds shoot forth their con- 

 dexes and radicles, or insert them into it, and gradually fab- 

 ricate the new bark and root fibres. 



Leaves, in botany, are defined to be the organs of motion, 

 or muscles of a plant : they constitute the lungs of each in- 

 dividual plant. 



Budding is a mode of propagation not only applicable to 

 fruit trees, but to ornamental trees and shrubs, including the 

 rose, and there are some fruits that can scarcely be multiplied 

 any other way. It consists in removing a bud with a portion 



