PROPAGATION OF FRUITS. 51 



thereby excluding air and water. Spread it on pretty thick, 

 for it is poor economy to be too saving of Tr^ax, if resin and other 

 materials are very high. It is necessary to grease the fingers 

 to prevent the wax adhering to them. 



AFTER TREATMENT. 



As. soon as the growth commences in the grafted tree, the 

 sap which formerly flowed through the severed limbs, will seek 

 new channels, and numerous suckers will start in the vicinity 

 of the grafts. These should be carefully rubbed off once a 

 month. 



In case the grafts in any of the limbs fail, one or more 

 sprouts should be allowed to grow, to be grafted when of suf- 

 ficient size.. 



An old tree, thus grafted over, will come into bearing seve- 

 ral years before a young tree transplanted at the same time, 

 and bear much heavier crops. 



VARIETIES. 



In selecting varieties to graft, a somewhat different selec- 

 tion would be made for a market orchard from what would be 

 desired for home supply. 



If for market, a few only of the most productive varieties 

 in the neighborhood, and the most saleable should be chosen. 

 Other things being equal, a red apple always sells better than 

 a green or yellow one, as buyers are influenced a great deal 

 by the looks of the fruit. An orchard of Baldwins^ in most 

 localities, will probably yield a greater profit than almost any 

 other variety, and a Greening, from its well known character, 

 is always in demand. 



If an orchard is located near a large city, Summer apples 

 often pay very well. The Early Harvest, Red Astrachan, 

 Early Joe, Primate, Sweet Bough and Golden Sweet are the 

 best Summer varieties for New York State, either for market 

 or home consumption. 



Among autumn varieties, the Gravenstein deservedly ranks 

 first; the Detroit Red, or Black Detroit, is a large, product- 



