ORCHARDS. 185 



small quantities, whilst the pippins have brought from $6 to 

 $9, and some as high as $16. Ladies' apples from ^10 to $30. 

 Mj wish has been to get the shipment of most of the Albe- 

 iTiarle pippins and Ladies' apples which are sent here, for I 

 well know the advantage to the owners which will result by 

 havincr one known house to control this fruit — it is known to 

 me that the quality and flavor is highly valued throughout 

 Great Britain, the chief drawback being the order in which 

 it is shipped, and this has been seriously injured by indiffer- 

 ent and unprincipled parties getting hold of small quantities 

 of Virginia pippins and sending them to Liverpool in bad 

 order. Sincerely and honestly wishing to see this large and 

 growing interest faithfully guarded here, 1 have written this 

 letter for your Virginia fruit growers, and feel quite certain 

 that if the instructions are carefully followed, the shippers to 

 this market will not regret it ; the Ladies' apple is now grown 

 in your section better than it is in any other section, and I 

 know of no fruit equal to a really No. 1 Albemarle pippin. 

 With consideration and esteem, 



I am, very respectfully, 



Dan'l H. London. 



Note. — Although the above advice is intended for a particular section 

 of the country, yet its value, in most respects, will be appreciated in all 

 apple regions. 



HOW TO CUT AND PRESERVE SCIONS. 



As every farmer should be able to graft and bud his trees, 

 it is of importance to select, judiciously, the scions for this 

 purpose, and to know how to preserve them when selected. 

 It is best to select and cut the well ripened and thrifty 

 shoots — those that grow about the middle of the tree from 

 upright vigorous limbs. The growth of some valuable 

 trees is so limited that the growth of one year is too short, 

 and in that case a little of the wood of the preceding year's 

 growth is taken with the graft. 



Scions may be cut at any time from the falling of the 

 leaves to the swelling of the buds. We think it best, how- 

 ever, to cut them before very cold weather sets in, as they 



