222 ORCHARDS. 



before the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, that the Sum- 

 mer apples of the North generally improve in quality when 

 raised in the Southern States ; the Fall apples are of little 

 value; and the Northern Winter apples prove worthless, drop- 

 ping their fruit in August before they are perfected. New 

 Southern Winter apples are coming into cultivation that will 

 keep up the supply until April or May. It is important to 

 train the trees with low heads, so as to shade the stem from 

 the hot sun of this climate, and to prune so as to preserve 

 compact heads that shall produce fruit near the centre. The 

 trees begin to bear early, some producing remunerative crops 

 the third year after transplanting. In the nursery, the trees 

 often attain the height of ten feet in a single season. 



