THE APPLE. ITS VAKIETIES. 79 



Twickenham, but was rather lost. The late Mr. Ash, nurseryman at 

 Strawberry Hill, near Twickenham, preserved it from his father, who 

 had an old tree of it. This specimen came from that tree. This apple 

 was seen in Russia by an English nobleman, who thought it so excellent 

 an apple, that he was induced to send some trees of it to England, and 

 what will appear extraordinar}' to English gardeners, they were taken up 

 in the summer with their leaves on, when they could not be less than 

 twelve years old by their appearance, and when they arrived, after being 

 six months befoi-e they came to hand, they were planted and produced 

 fruit, and are now fine trees. The apple has a bloom on it like a red 

 plum when on the tree, and is a very excellent beautiful apple, ripens in 

 October, and will keep through December. It is to be had at the late 

 Mr. Ash's nursery, at Strawberry Hill, near Twickenham, under the 

 name of Phoenix Apple, from its being lost and revived." 



112. ENGLISH CODLIN.— Hort. 



Identification. — Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 1, n. 176. Lind. Guide, 29. Rog. Fr. 

 Cult. 63. 



SvNONTMES. — QuodHng Aust. Treat. 66. Codling. Raii Hist. ii. 1447. Old Eng- 

 lish Codlin, Hoi't. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 163. Common Codhn, Aber. Bot. Arr. ii. 312. 



Figure. — Lang. Pom. t. Ixxiv. f. 3. 



Fruit, above medium size ; conical, irregular in its shape. Skin, pale 

 yellow with a faint blush on the side exposed to the sun, Eye, closed, 

 set in a moderately deep basin. Stalk, short, stout, and rather deeply 

 inserted. Flesh, white, tender, and agreeably acid. 



A culinary apple of first-rate quality ; ripe in August and continues 

 in use till October. 



The trees are excellent bearers, but in most orchards they are gener- 

 ally found unhealthy, cankered, and full of the woolly aphis, a state pro- 

 duced, according to Mr. Lindley, by their being raised from suckers, and 

 truncheons stuck into the ground. In the " Guide to the Orchard," 

 he says, " Healthy, robust, and substantial trees are only to be obtained 

 by grafting on stocks of the real Sour Hedge Crab ; they then grow 

 freely, erect, and form very handsome heads, yielding fruit as superior 

 to those of our old orchards, as the old, and at present deteriorated Codlin 

 is to the Crab itself." This circumstance was noticed by Worlidge 

 nearly two hundred years ago — " You may graft them on stocks as you 

 do other fruit, which will accelerate and augment their bearing ; but 

 you may save that labor and trouble, if you plant the Cions, Slips, or 

 Cuttings of them in the spring-time, a little before their budding ; by 

 which means they will prosper very well, and soon become Trees ; but 

 these are more subject to the canker than those that are grafted." 



This is one of our oldest English apples, and still deserving of more 

 general cultivation than is at present given to it. Formerly it consti- 

 tuted one of the principal dishes in English cookery, in the shape of 

 " Codlings and Cream." Ray says, " Crudum vix editur ob duritiem 

 et aciditatem, sed coctum vel cum cremore lactis, vel cum aqua rosacea 

 et saccharo comestum inter laudatissima fercula habetur." The name is 

 derived from coddle, to parboil. 



