THE APPLE. ITS VARIETIES. 153 



covered with beautiful crimson, which is striped with darker crimson, and 

 strewed with small grey dots where exposed to the sun. Eye, large and 

 closed, set in a rather shallow and ribbed basin. Stalk, fleshy, set in a 

 wide and deep cavity. Flesh, very white, tinged with red, more so than 

 the Passe Pomme Rouge, tender, juicy, rich, sugary and vinous. 



An excellent autumn culinary apple ; ripe in September. 



The tree is vigorous and healthy, but does not attain a large size. It 

 is a very abundant bearer, and well suited for dwarf training when grown 

 on the paradise or doucin stock. 



Dahuron says of this apple " on la nomme en Hollande Pomme de 

 Jerusalem ; " but according to Knoop, the Dutch pomologist, it is the 

 Pigeon, which is known under that name. 



259. PASSE POMME ROUGE.— Duh. 



Identification. — Duh. Arb. Fruit,!. 277. Dahuron Traits 114. Bret. Ecole, ii. 

 470. Bon. Jard. Chart. Cat. 49. Rog. Fr. Cult. 32. 



Synonymes. — Bother August- Apfel, Henne Anweis, 150. Rothe Sommerpass- 

 pomni, Christ Handworter, 68. Rothe Kurzdauerende Apfel, Ibid, 



Figure. — Nois. Jard. Fruit, ed. 2, pi. 92. 



Fruit, small ; roundish-oblate, even and regularly formed. Skin, thick, 

 red all over, pale on the shaded side, but of a deep and bright color next 

 the sun ; and so sensitive of shade, if any portion of it is covered with a 

 leaf or twig, a corresponding yellow mark will be found on the fruit. 

 Eye, small, set in a narrow, even, and rather deep basin. Stalk, half-an- 

 inch long, slender, set in a wide, deep, and even cavity. Flesh, white, 

 tinged with red under the skin on the side exposed to the sun, crisp, 

 juicy, and richly flavored when first gathered, but soon becomes dry and 

 woolly. 



An excellent early apple, suitable either for culinary purposes or dessert 

 use ; it is ripe in the beginning of August, but may be used in pies before 

 then. Bretonnerie says it may be used " en compote " in the beginning 

 of July, and is preferable to the Calville Rouge d'Ete. 



The tree is rather a delicate grower, never attaining a large size, but 

 healthy and hardy, and an excellent bearer. It succeeds well as a dwarf 

 on the paradise or doucin stock. 



260. PAWSAN.— Knight. 

 Identification. — Pom. Heref. t. 15. Lind. Guide, 109. 



Fruit, above the middle size, two inches and three quarters wide, and 

 two inches and a quarter high ; pretty round, without angles, but some- 

 times it is oval. Crown, but little hollow. Eye, small, with short re- 

 flexed segments of the calyx. Skin, dull muddy olive-green, a good deal 

 reticulated with fine network. Stalk, three quarters of an inch long, 

 slender, causing the fruit to be pendant. 



Specific gravity of the juice, 1076. 



Many trees of the Pawsan are found in the south-east, or Ryland district 

 of Herefordshire, which have apparently stood more than a century. Its 



