BY THE REV. J. E. TENISON-WOODS. 37 



derived from Diptei^ocarpus Icevis or D. turbinatus, for the two 

 species are now united. It extends from eastern Bengal to 

 Singapore and perhaps further. The oil is abundant and is 

 obtained by cutting a kind of well in the stem, which opening 

 is charred around by lighting a fire inside it, and then left for the 

 oil slowly to exude. The exudation separates into two portions, 

 one liquid and bland, and the other thick. The quantity produced 

 is extraordinary. The oil is extracted every year ; and sometimes 

 the same tree will have two or three cavities in it. From 20 to 40 

 gallons is about the quantity produced each season ; but from time 

 to time the fire has to be renewed in the cavity to char the surface 

 afresh. When a tree in full growth is cut down and divided into 

 pieces, a quantity of oleaginous resin exudes and hardens on the 

 surface into something like camphor, and with a faint aromatic 

 odor."^ 



The Malays call this tree Palaglar mienjak, but both in Sun- 

 danese and Javanese Palaglar is a name applied to all the species 



*As the above species (D. turbinatus, Gaertn.) has such interest and 

 value a botanical diagnosis is here inserted. " The species bears terminal 

 clusters of from three to five flowers. The flowers are hermaphrodite with 

 a slightly concave receptacle. The calyx is formed of five sepals united 

 into a tube at the base and very unequally developed ; three of them 

 remaining very small, while the two others grow into large oval wings above 

 the fruit. The tube of the calyx is obconical. It is developed at the same 

 time as the fruit and closely envelops it. The corolla is formed of five 

 alternate petals, nearly of the same length, slightly perigynous, twisted in 

 the bud and colored a rose pink. The stamens are indefinite, inserted on 

 several circles. Anthers elongate, acuminate, formed of two linear cells, 

 introrse, opening in longitudinal slits ; ovary very slightly inferior to the 

 base, trilocular, surmounted by a filiform style, entire or slightly tridentate. 

 each ovicell with two anatropal ovules collateral with the micropyle 

 directed upwards and outwards, inserted in the internal angle of the cell. 

 The fruit is a pubescent spherical nut, surrounded by the tube of the calyx, 

 with two sepals divided in large linear-lanceolate obtuse wings, with three 

 longitudinal veins giving off laterally numerous slightly oblique anasto- 

 mosing venules ; pericarp dry, woody, indehiscent ; seeds free, without 

 albumen, enclosing an embryo between thick fleshy unequal cotyledons and 

 a slightly developed superior radicle. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, smooth 

 on both sides or a little pubescent on the veins and edges, oval or wide, 

 lanceolate, entire or sinuate, pointed, rounded at the base, penninerved 

 with parallel veins, petiole long, with two lateral much-developed stipules 

 surrounding a leaf-bud and falling when it opens, leaving an annular scar." 

 J. D. Hooker, " Flor. Brit. Ind.," pt. 2, p. 295. 



