932 THE OSTEOLOGY AND MYOLOGY OF THE DEATH ADDER, 

 M. TEMPORALIS ANTERIOR. 



Zweite mittlere Fortiori of No. i, D'Alton, Hoffmann; M. 

 temporalis^ Owen ; Middle temporal^ Duvernoy, R. Jones. 



The anterior temporal arises from the outer portion of the lateral 

 triangle of the parietal, and from a small part of the superior 

 surface of the prootie. Tlie anterior fibres running backwards 

 and the posterior forwards, meet, and together they descend over 

 the rounded anterior portion of the squamosal, and running back 

 are inserted into the superior edge of the middle third of the 

 mandible above and behind the insertion of the masseter. 



The muscle is well developed and of considerable size in Acan- 

 thophis, Biemenia, and Pseudechis ; while in Morelia it is a very 

 powerful muscle, occupying a great portion of the postorbital 

 fossa. In Daboia it is however of small size, and is represented 

 by a band of muscle which arises from the side of the parietal, and 

 running outwards and downwards comes to be anterior and 

 external to the insertion of the masseter. 



The anterior temporal is covered by the masseter and part of 

 the venom gland, while it is closely related to the branches of the 

 third division of the fifth nerve, which emerge far under its anterior 

 border. Behind it is closely related to the posterior temporal and 

 external pterygoid, while internally it covers in the parieto-ptery- 

 goid and parieto-palatine muscles. It is supplied by the fifth nerve. 



Its action is to raise the mandible ; in Python it is the 

 chief muscle in this action. It depresses the cranium when the 

 mandible is fixed. 



M. TEMPORALIS POSTERIOR. 



Dritte Portion of No. J, D'Alton, Hoffmann; Posterior tern' 

 2)oral, Owen, Duvernoy, R. Jones. 



The posterior temporal arises from the upper three-fourths of 

 the external surface and edge of the quadrate. Its fibres run 

 downwards and forwards to be inserted into the ridge, and the 

 excavated area on the middle third of the external surface of the 

 surangular plate of the mandible, having the insertions of the 

 masseter and anterior temporal anteriorly, and the mylohyoid 

 inferiorly. 



